The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
PCBs as environmental estrogens: turtle sex determination as a biomarker of environmental contamination.
Open accessAbstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread, low-level environmental pollutants associated with adverse health effects such as immune suppression and teratogenicity. There is increasing evidence that some PCB compounds are capable of disrupting reproductive and endocrine function in fish, birds, and mammals, including humans, particularly during development. Research on the mechanism through which these compounds act to alter reproductive function indicates estrogenic activity, whereby the compounds may be altering sexual differentiation. Here we demonstrate the estrogenic effect of some PCBs by reversing gonadal sex in a reptile species that exhibits temperature-dependent sex determination.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Safe, S. (1990) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.3109/10408449009089873 · Cited by 1,871
Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract?
Sharpe, R. M., & Skakkebaek, N. E. (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90953-e · Cited by 1,849
Chemically-induced alterations in sexual and functional development : the wildlife/human connection
Colborn, T., & Clement, C. (1992) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,046
Korach, K. S., Sarver, P., Chae, K., McLachlan, J. A., & McKinney, J. D. (1988) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0026-895x(25)13092-7 · Cited by 425
Self-citationChronology and morphology of temperature‐dependent sex determination
Wibbels, T., Bull, J. J., & Crews, D. (1991) · Journal of Experimental Zoology · doi:10.1002/jez.1402600311 · Cited by 227
Self-citationSex reversal by estradiol in three reptilian orders
Bull, J. J., Gutzke, W. H. N., & Crews, D. H. (1988) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(88)90117-7 · Cited by 157
Self-citationDevelopmental estrogenization and prostatic neoplasia
Santti, R., Mäkelä, S., Pylkkänen, L. H., Newbold, R. R., & McLachlan, J. A. (1994) · The Prostate · doi:10.1002/pros.2990240204 · Cited by 135
Self-citationSpecificity of steroid hormone-induced sex determination in a turtle
Wibbels, T., & Crews, D. P. (1992) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1330121 · Cited by 82
Self-citation
Cited by
Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses
Vandenberg, L. N., Colborn, T., Hayes, T. B., Heindel, J. J., Jacobs, D. R., Lee, D.-H., Shioda, T., Soto, A. M., vom Saal, F. S., Welshons, W. V., et al. (2012) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2011-1050 · Cited by 3,209
State-of-the-science of endocrine disrupting chemicals, 2012
Bergman, Å., Heindel, J., Jobling, S., Kidd, K., & Zoeller, R. T. (2012) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.020 · Cited by 1,388
Vos, J. G., Dybing, E., Greim, H. A., Ladefoged, O., Lambré, C., Tarazona, J. V., Brandt, I., & Vethaak, A. D. (2000) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.1080/10408440091159176 · Cited by 832
Blair, R. M. (2000) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138 · Cited by 806
Environmental Signaling: What Embryos and Evolution Teach Us About Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
McLachlan, J. A. (2001) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.22.3.0432 · Cited by 608
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Bergeron, J. M., Crews, D., & McLachlan, J. A.
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 1994-09
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 780-781
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- OpenAlex
- W1995675407
- Cited by
- 377
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 20.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: PCBs as environmental estrogens: turtle sex determination as a biomarker of environmental contamination. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1289/ehp.94102780
- The paper
- Bergeron, J. M., Crews, D., & McLachlan, J. A. (1994). PCBs as environmental estrogens: turtle sex determination as a biomarker of environmental contamination. Environmental Health Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.94102780
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.