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Cited by 15Algal biology and biofuel productionAquaculture Nutrition and GrowthAquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics

Biomass, pigment production, and nutrient uptake of Chlorella sp. under different photoperiods

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Fakhri, Muhammad, RIYANI, ENDAR, EKAWATI, ARNING WILUJENG, ARIFIN, NASRULLAH BAI, Yuniarti, Ating, Widyawati, Yuni, Saputra, Indra Kurniawan, Diffi Samuel, Pratama +2 more·2021·Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
DOI 10.13057/biodiv/d221215
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Abstract

Abstract. Fakhri M, Riyani E, Ekawati AW, Arifin NB, Yuniarti A, Widyawati Y, Saputra IK, Samuel PD, Arif MZ, Hariati AM. 2021. Biomass, pigment production, and nutrient uptake of Chlorella sp. under different photoperiods. Biodiversitas 22: 5344-5349. Chlorella sp. is well-known as a functional feed in fish culture and has been utilized in the food industry. In phototrophic cultivation, photoperiod plays a fundamental part in the growth and pigment content of microalgae. This work was purposed to evaluate the effect of light:dark cycle on the growth rate, production of biomass and pigment and nutrient utilization of Chlorella sp. Four photoperiods (8:16, 12:12, 18:6, and 24:0 h light:dark regimes) under a constant light intensity of 4500 lux were applied in this study. The results demonstrated that increasing light duration led to increased cell growth, biomass, and pigment production of Chlorella sp. The best cell concentration, specific growth rate, and biomass production were 28.5 x 106 cells mL-1, 1.47 day-1, and 0.815 g L-1 dry weight, respectively, under continuous illumination. The maximum chlorophyll a of 19.205 mg L-1 and carotenoid of 4.656 mg L-1 were obtained at 24:0 h photoperiod. The highest uptake of nitrate (66.331%) and phosphate (76.191%) by Chlorella sp. were achieved under 24 h light regime. Improving the uptake of nutrients resulted in enhanced growth and pigment content of Chlorella sp. We conclude that continuous illumination is the best photoperiod to produce biomass and pigment and improve the nutrient removal of Chlorella sp.

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  • Chlorophyll demonstrates a direct proportionality to growth (cell weight) under conditions unaffected by external factors, such as light stress, temperature changes, or the nutrient content of the medium.

    “Chlorophyll demonstrates a direct proportionality to growth (cell weight) under conditions unaffected by external factors, such as light stress, temperature changes, or the nutrient content of the medium”

    From Quantitative Prediction of Spirulina platensis Biomass Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry (2026) · cites this paper as Fakhri et al., 2021

    The Abstract reports that longer light duration increased both Chlorella growth and pigment production, and the nutrient-uptake section links nutrient uptake with biomass and pigment content. The paper does not establish that chlorophyll is directly proportional to cell weight under conditions unaffected by external factors; it varies photoperiod and does not test temperature changes or the stated stress-free condition. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Fakhri, M., RIYANI, E., EKAWATI, A. W., ARIFIN, N. B., Yuniarti, A., Widyawati, Y., Saputra, I. K., Diffi Samuel, P., Arif, M. Z., & Hariati, A. M.
Affiliations
  • University of Brawijaya (ID)
  • State University of Malang (ID)
Corresponding author
  • RIYANI, ENDAR
  • EKAWATI, ARNING WILUJENG
  • ARIFIN, NASRULLAH BAI
ORCID
Venue
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Publisher
UNS Solo
Published
2021-11-23
Volume
22
Issue
12
ISSN
  • 1412-033X (ISSN-L)
  • 2085-4722
DOI
10.13057/biodiv/d221215
OpenAlex
W3216598578
Cited by
15
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1
FWCI
0.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Universitas Brawijaya
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
Keywords
Chlorella, photoperiod, light-dark cycle, microalgae cultivation, biomass production, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, pigment production, nitrate uptake, phosphate uptake, nutrient uptake, specific growth rate, continuous illumination

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