Obstructive sleep apnea and quality of life: comparison of the SAQLI, FOSQ, and SF-36 questionnaires
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: The impact of sleep on quality of life (QoL) has been well documented; however, there is a great need for reliable QoL measures for persons with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We compared the QoL scores between the 36-Item Short Form of the Medical Outcomes Survey (SF-36), Calgary Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index (SAQLI), and Functional Outcomes Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ) in persons with OSA. METHODS: A total of 884 participants from the Sleep Heart Health Study second examination, who completed the SF-36, FOSQ, and SAQLI, and in-home polysomnograms, were included. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) at 4% desaturation was categorized as no OSA (<5 /hour), mild to moderate OSA (5-30 /hour) and severe OSA (>30 /hour). QoL scores for each questionnaire were determined and compared by OSA severity category and by gender. RESULTS: , p<.0001). The SF-36 PCS and Mental Component Scores (MCS) were correlated with the FOSQ and SAQLI (r=.37 PCS vs FOSQ; r=.31 MCS vs FOSQ; r=.42 PCS vs SAQLI; r=.52 MCS vs SAQLI; and r=.66 FOSQ vs SAQLI, p<.001 for all correlations). Linear regression analyses, adjusting for potential confounders, indicated that the impact of OSA severity on QoL is largely explained by the presence of daytime sleepiness. CONCLUSION: The impact of OSA on QoL differs between genders with a larger effect on females and is largely explained by the presence of daytime sleepiness. Correlations among QoL instruments are not high and various instruments may assess different aspects of QoL.
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PSG measures (AHI, minimum O2 saturation) were either poorly or not significantly correlated with any of the questionnaires.
“PSG measures (AHI, minimum O2 saturation) were either poorly or not significantly correlated with any of the questionnaires.”
From International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023) · cites this paper as [441]
The Results (page unavailable) say AHI severity was significant in the adjusted models only for the SF-36 physical component score in females with severe OSA, broadly supporting a limited association with questionnaire scores. The paper does not report correlations between minimum O2 saturation and the questionnaires; its reported correlation coefficients compare the questionnaires with one another, so that part of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe SAQLI showed moderate correlations (0.3 ≤ r < 0.7) with related domains of general health-status questionnaires such as SF-36 and the Global QOL Scale.
“The SAQLI showed moderate correlations (0.3 ≤ r < 0.7) with related domains of general health-status questionnaires such as the 36-item Short Form (SF-36) and the Global QOL Scale.”
From International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023) · cites this paper as [441]
The Results report SAQLI correlations of r = 0.52 with the SF-36 mental component and r = 0.42 with its physical component, both within the claimed range. The Methods and Results do not identify or report a correlation with a Global QOL Scale, so that part of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe SAQLI includes 35 questions across four domains: daily functioning, social interactions, emotional functioning, and symptoms, and can be combined with a fifth domain assessing negative treatment impacts.
“The SAQLI includes 35 questions across four domains: daily functioning, social interactions, emotional functioning, and symptoms and can be combined with a fifth domain that assesses negative impacts of treatment.”
From International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023) · cites this paper as [441]
The Methods section (Quality of Life Measures; page not provided) describes the SAQLI as a 35-item instrument covering the four named domains. It does not describe an optional fifth domain assessing negative treatment impacts, so that part of the claim is unsupported by our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe FOSQ showed moderate correlations with related domains of the SF-36 and the Sickness Impact Profile.
“The FOSQ showed moderate correlations with related domains of the SF-36 and the Sickness Impact Profile.”
From International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023) · cites this paper as [441]
The Results (page not supplied) report correlations between the FOSQ and SF-36 summary scales, but describe them as small (r=.31 and .37), not moderate. The paper does not report a comparison with the Sickness Impact Profile. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredValidated functional status and quality-of-life measures most used in clinical and research settings include the ESS, SAQLI, FOSQ, and PSQI.
“Validated functional status and QOL measures most used in the clinical and research settings include the ESS,436 Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index (SAQLI),437–441 Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ),437,441,442 and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).443”
From International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023) · cites this paper as [441]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The SAQLI is a disease-specific health-related quality-of-life questionnaire that evaluates functioning across daily aspects of life affected by poor sleep.
“The SAQLI is a health-related QOL questionnaire that is diseasespecific and includes questions focused on evaluating functioning across daily aspects of life affected by poor sleep.”
From International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023) · cites this paper as [441]
The FOSQ has 30 questions in five domains: activity, vigilance, intimacy and sex, general productivity, and social outcome.
“The FOSQ has 30 questions in five domains: activity, vigilance, intimacy and sex, general productivity, and social outcome.”
From International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2023) · cites this paper as [441]
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References 31 · Cited by 95
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [31]Kasibowska-Kuzniar K Jankowska R Kuzniar T Rownolegla ocena dwoch kwestionariuszy jakosci zycia u chorych z zespolem bezdechu srodsennego Wiadomosci Lekarskie 2004 57 5–6 229 32 15518066
- Authors
- University of Arizona, T., Silva, G., Goodwin, J., Vana, K., & Quan, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Southwest Journal of Pulmonary and Critical Care
- Published
- 2016-09-24
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 137-149
- ISSN
- 2160-6773 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5058363
- OpenAlex
- W2522907459
- Semantic Scholar
- 936db43f30962080cec876c6ea067699d290c5df
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 7.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Southwest Journal of Pulmonary and Critical Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5u01hl053934-14)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL053941, R01HL062373, U01HL053938, U01HL053937, U01HL053931, U01HL064360, U01HL053916, U01HL063463, U01HL063429, U01-HL-053934)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Keywords
- obstructive sleep apnea, quality of life, SF-36, questionnaire comparison, OSA severity, daytime sleepiness, gender differences, Sleep Heart Health Study, apnea-hypopnea index
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