Numerical Simulation of the Cold Gas Dynamic Spray Process

Modeling of swirl in turbulent flow systems

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Gas Dynamic Principles of Cold Spray

Dykhuizen, R. C., & Smith, M. F. (1998) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1361/105996398770350945 · Cited by 617

An Analysis of the Cold Spray Process and Its Coatings

Stoltenhoff, T., Kreye, H., & Richter, H. J. (2002) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1361/105996302770348682 · Cited by 605

Particle Velocity and Deposition Efficiency in the Cold Spray Process

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Aluminum coatings via kinetic spray with relatively large powder particles

Steenkiste, T. H. V., Smith, J. R., & Teets, R. E. (2002) · Surface and Coatings Technology · doi:10.1016/s0257-8972(02)00018-x · Cited by 371

Deposition characteristics of titanium coating in cold spraying

Li, C., & Li, W. (2003) · Surface and Coatings Technology · doi:10.1016/s0257-8972(02)00919-2 · Cited by 358

Application of a Reynolds stress turbulence model to the compressible shear layer

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On Some Aspects of Gas Dynamics of the Cold Spray Process

Косарев, В. Ф., Клинков, С. В., Алхимов, А. П., & Papyrin, A. N. (2003) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1361/105996303770348384 · Cited by 159

Gas Flow, Particle Acceleration, and Heat Transfer in Cold Spray: A review

Yin, S., Meyer, M., Li, W., Liao, H., & Lupoi, R. (2016) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-016-0406-8 · Cited by 181

Assessment of CFD Modeling via Flow Visualization in Cold Spray Process

Samareh, B., Stier, O., Lüthen, V., & Dolatabadi, A. (2009) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-009-9363-9 · Cited by 91

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Cold Spray Gas Dynamic Effects for Polymer Coating

Alhulaifi, A. S., Buck, G. A., & Arbegast, W. J. (2012) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-012-9743-4 · Cited by 89

Study on Process Optimization of Cold Gas Spraying

Tabbara, H., Gu, S., McCartney, D. G., Price, T. S., & Shipway, P. H. (2011) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-010-9564-2 · Cited by 84

Optimization of supersonic nozzle flow for titanium dioxide thin-film coating by aerosol deposition

Lee, M. W., Park, J. J., Kim, D. Y., Yoon, S. S., Kim, H. Y., Kim, D. H., James, S. C., Chandra, S., Coyle, T., Ryu, J. H., et al. (2011) · Journal of Aerosol Science · doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.07.006 · Cited by 82

A Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Cold Spray Process: The Effects of Substrate Location and Shape

Samareh, B., & Dolatabadi, A. (2007) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-007-9082-z · Cited by 81

Supersonic Nozzle Flow Simulations for Particle Coating Applications: Effects of Shockwaves, Nozzle Geometry, Ambient Pressure, and Substrate Location upon Flow Characteristics

Park, J.-J., Lee, M. W., Yoon, S. S., Kim, H., James, S. C., Heister, S. D., Chandra, S., Yoon, W., Park, D.-S., & Ryu, J. (2010) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-010-9542-8 · Cited by 74

Numerical Study of Combination Parameters for Particle Impact Velocity and Temperature in Cold Spray

KATANODA, H., Fukuhara, M., & Iino, N. (2007) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-007-9087-7 · Cited by 55

Numerical Study on the Effect of Substrate Angle on Particle Impact Velocity and Normal Velocity Component in Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying Based on CFD

Yin, S., Wang, X., Li, W., & Bao-peng, X. (2010) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-010-9510-3 · Cited by 50

Numerical Study of In-flight Particle Parameters in Low-Pressure Cold Spray Process

Ning, X., Wang, Q., Ma, Z., & Kim, H. (2010) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-010-9548-2 · Cited by 49

Investigation of the process parameters and restitution coefficient of ductile materials during cold gas dynamic spray (CGDS) using finite element analysis

Oyinbo, S. T., & Jen, T. (2019) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.100986 · Cited by 45

Examination on Substrate Preheating Process in Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying

Yin, S., Wang, X., Li, W., & Guo, X. (2011) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-011-9623-3 · Cited by 44

Evaluation of Heat Transfer Transport Coefficient for Cold Spray Through Computational Fluid Dynamics and Particle In-Flight Temperature Measurement Using a High-Speed IR Camera

Nastic, A., & Jodoin, B. (2018) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-018-0787-y · Cited by 43

Application of a holistic 3D model to estimate state of cold spray titanium particles

Faizan-Ur-Rab, M., Zahiri, S. H., Masood, S. H., Phan, T. D., Jahedi, M., & Nagarajah, R. (2016) · Materials & Design · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.075 · Cited by 41

Design and optimization of rectangular cold spray nozzle: Radial injection angle, expansion ratio and traverse speed

Varadaraajan, V., & Mohanty, P. S. (2017) · Surface and Coatings Technology · doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.03.005 · Cited by 40

Study of the Production of a Metallic Coating on Natural Fiber Composite Through the Cold Spray Technique

Astarita, A., Boccarusso, L., Durante, M., Viscusi, A., Sansone, R., & Carrino, L. (2018) · Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance · doi:10.1007/s11665-018-3147-7 · Cited by 38

Influence of Powder Injection Parameters in High-Pressure Cold Spray

Özdemir, O. Ç., & Widener, C. A. (2017) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-017-0606-x · Cited by 34

Optical Diagnostics Study of Gas Particle Transport Phenomena in Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying and Comparison with Model Predictions

Phani, P. S., Venkatachalapathy, V., Joshi, S. V., & Sundararajan, G. (2008) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-008-9206-0 · Cited by 33

Dense Particulate Flow in a Cold Gas Dynamic Spray System

Samareh, B., & Dolatabadi, A. (2008) · Journal of Fluids Engineering · doi:10.1115/1.2957914 · Cited by 28

Development of Holistic Three-Dimensional Models for Cold Spray Supersonic Jet

Zahiri, S. H., Phan, T. D., Masood, S. H., & Jahedi, M. (2014) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-014-0113-2 · Cited by 27

Development of 3D Multicomponent Model for Cold Spray Process Using Nitrogen and Air

Rab, M., Zahiri, S., Masood, S., Jahedi, M., & Nagarajah, R. (2015) · Coatings · doi:10.3390/coatings5040688 · Cited by 26

Large eddy simulation and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes calculations of supersonic impinging jets at varying nozzle-to-wall distances and impinging angles

Chan, L., Chin, R. C., Soria, J., & Ooi, A. S. H. (2014) · International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2014.02.005 · Cited by 19

Numerical Investigation on Particle Velocity in Cold Spraying of Hydroxyapatite Coating

Zhang, L., & Zhang, W. T. (2011) · Advanced materials research · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.188.717 · Cited by 16

PIV Validation of 3D Multicomponent Model for Cold Spray Within Nitrogen and Helium Supersonic Flow Field

Faizan‐Ur‐Rab, M., Zahiri, S. H., Masood, S. H., Jahedi, M., & Nagarajah, R. (2017) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-017-0567-0 · Cited by 14

Utilization of Titanium Particle Impact Location to Validate a 3D Multicomponent Model for Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing

Faizan‐Ur‐Rab, M., Zahiri, S. H., King, P. C., Busch, C., Masood, S. H., Jahedi, M., Nagarajah, R., & Gulizia, S. (2017) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-017-0628-4 · Cited by 14

Simultaneous densification and improvement of cold spray additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V properties via electro-plastic treatment

Khalik, M. A., Zahiri, S. H., Masood, S. H., Gulizia, S., Faizan‐Ur‐Rab, M., & Palanisamy, S. (2023) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-023-11401-5 · Cited by 13

Shock-wave induced spraying: Gas and particle flow and coating analysis

Karimi, M., Rankin, G. W., & Jodoin, B. (2012) · Surface and Coatings Technology · doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.07.044 · Cited by 12

Spray Interface Drag Modeling Based on the Power-Law Droplet Velocity Using the Moment Theory

Majhool, A. A. A.-K., Hamza, N. H., & Jasim, N. M. (2020) · Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics · doi:10.1134/s0021894420010071 · Cited by 11

Application of cold spray technology in design and manufacturing of complex geometries

Mehta, A., Vasudev, H., & Thakur, L. (2024) · International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) · doi:10.1007/s12008-024-01826-x · Cited by 11

Coating of natural fiber composite envisaging through the patent landscape: An overview

Natarajan, K., Krishnasamy, K., & Balaji, D. (2023) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.53783 · Cited by 11

Three-dimensional numerical simulations of the particle loading effect on gas flow features for low pressure cold spray applications

Caruso, F., Meyer, M., & Lupoi, R. (2018) · Surface and Coatings Technology · doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.02.016 · Cited by 10

Feasibility of numerical simulation methods on the Cold Gas Dynamic Spray (CGDS) Deposition process for ductile materials

Oyinbo, S. T., & Jen, T. (2020) · Manufacturing Review · doi:10.1051/mfreview/2020023 · Cited by 10

Deposition of aluminum coatings on bio-composite laminates

Boccarusso, L., Viscusi, A., Durante, M., Astarita, A., Fazio, D. D., Sansone, R., Caraviello, A., & Carrino, L. (2018) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/1.5034944 · Cited by 9

Rapid elimination of porosity and brittleness in cold spray additive manufactured grade 2 titanium via in situ electro-plastic treatment

Khalik, M. A., Zahiri, S. H., Palanisamy, S., Masood, S. H., Gulizia, S., & Faizan‐Ur‐Rab, M. (2021) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-021-08309-3 · Cited by 8

Analysis of Jet Characteristics Among Various Cold Spray Nozzles

Vadla, S. R., & Doom, J. J. (2018) · Journal of Thermal Spray and Engineering · doi:10.52687/2582-1474/115 · Cited by 7

Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Graphene/Copper Composite Coating on PEEK via Cold Spray with Varied Nozzle Speed

Liu, Q., Gong, C., Zhou, C., Liang, T., Hao, Z., Wang, Z., & Tian, X. (2024) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-024-01853-w · Cited by 6

A study of the influence of geometric parameters of a de Laval nozzle on the Cold Spray process

Kowalski, K., Duraziński, T., & Pietrowicz, S. (2025) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126655 · Cited by 6

Numerical assessment of miniaturized cold spray nozzle for additive manufacturing

Nasif, G., Barron, R. M., Balachandar, R., & Villafuerte, J. (2019) · International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow · doi:10.1108/hff-10-2018-0553 · Cited by 6

An Overview of Cold Spray Additive Technology in Australia for Melt-less Manufacture of Titanium

Zahiri, S. H., Gulizia, S., & Prentice, L. H. (2020) · MATEC Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/matecconf/202032103011 · Cited by 6

Nozzle Clogging Prevention and Analysis in Cold Spray

Foelsche, A. (2021) · ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/18977831 · Cited by 6

Calculation and design of supersonic nozzles for cold gas dynamic spraying using MATLAB and ANSYS Fluent.

Mbuyamba, J.-B. M. (2013) · University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg) · Cited by 6

Influence of the Metallic Cold Spray Deposition on the Low-Velocity Impact Behaviour of Composite Laminates

Papa, I., Russo, P., Astarita, A., Viscusi, A., Perna, A. S., Carrino, L., & Lopresto, V. (2019) · Key engineering materials · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.376 · Cited by 5

Cold Spray Process for Co-Deposition of Copper and Aluminum Particles

Hu, S., Li, H., Zhang, L., & Xu, Y. (2023) · Coatings · doi:10.3390/coatings13111953 · Cited by 3

Numerical Investigation of Particle Tracking to Achieve High Impact Velocity in Cold Spray

Malik, M. S. (2020) · Advances in Robotics & Mechanical Engineering · doi:10.32474/arme.2020.02.000145 · Cited by 3

Effect of Substrate Heating on Corrosion Behavior of Nickel Coated on AISI 1020 Steel by Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying

Tripathy, S., Sahoo, D., Roy, S., & Pati, S. (2022) · Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance · doi:10.1007/s11665-022-07500-1 · Cited by 3

Parametric Study of Exhaust Pattern in Cold Spray Using CFD and Particle-Wall Impact Analysis

Karimi, M., Rankin, G. W., & Fartaj, A. (2014) · Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.36884/jafm.7.01.19575 · Cited by 3

Application, Qualification, and Standardization of Cold Spray

Özdemir, O. Ç., Matthews, N., Helfritch, D. J., Glass, S. W., & Ferguson, G. D. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70056-0_6 · Cited by 3

Development of a novel iron-manganese alloy and its application

Varadaraajan, V. (2015) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 3

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Cold Spray Process for Particle Velocity Investigation

Kamaraj, A., Zhou, W., & Song, X. (2021) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-5763-4_54 · Cited by 2

Numerical optimization of cold gas dynamic spray process parameters through response surface methodology

Singhal, C., & Murtaza, Q. (2024) · Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies · doi:10.1080/2374068x.2024.2439710 · Cited by 2

Influence of Diverging Section Length on the Supersonic Jet Delivered from Micro-nozzle: Application to Cold Spray Coating Process

Belbaki, A., & Mebdoua-Lahmar, Y. (2016) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41468-3_39 · Cited by 2

Particle Injection Simulation on Cold Spray Technology

Santini, C. A. (2020) · Open PRAIRIE (South Dakota State University) · Cited by 1

Gas Flow, Particle Acceleration and Heat Transfer in Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing

Yin, S., & Lupoi, R. (2021) · Springer tracts in additive manufacturing · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73367-4_2 · Cited by 1

Investigation of the effects of particle temperature and spacing on multi-particle impacts in cold spray

Hulton, A. W. (2013) · Digital Repository Service (Northeastern University) · doi:10.17760/d20003333 · Cited by 1

INVESTIGATION OF FLOW PARAMETERS FOR TITANIUM COLD SPRAYING USING CFD SIMULATION

Singh, T. (2010) · Research Commons (University of Waikato)

Cold Spray Repair Process Optimization Through Development of Particle Impact Velocity Prediction Methodology

Bhardwaj, D., Bhise, O. P., Salutagi, S. S., & Roberts, K. (2022) · SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series · doi:10.4271/2022-28-0098

Microstructure and corrosion behaviors of Ni and Ti cold spray coatings for spent nuclear fuel storage canisters

Lee, J., Chung, S., Choi, J., Park, M., Lee, D. J., & Yeom, H. (2026) · Journal of Nuclear Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2026.157175

Microstructural characterization of Fe-Cu-Al-Al2O3 coatings prepared with cold gas spraying technique

Kąc, S., Szelc, J., Kusinski, J. P., Matteazzi, P., Colella, A., Dosta, S., & Fernández, J. (2013) · Inżynieria Materiałowa

Parametric Study of Exhaust Pattern in Cold Spray Using CFD and Particle-Wall Impact Analysis

Karimi, M., Rankin, G. W., & Fartaj, A. (2014) · Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.36884/jafm.7.01.19575 · Cited by 3

Numerical Studies of the Application of Shock Tube Technology for Cold Gas Dynamic Spray Process

Nickel, R., Bobzin, K., Lugscheider, E., Parkot, D., Varava, W., Olivier, H., & Luo, X. (2007) · Journal of Thermal Spray Technology · doi:10.1007/s11666-007-9123-7 · Cited by 20

Cold Spray Flow Modeling and Validation

Jodoin, B., Raletz, F., & Vardelle, M. (2005) · Thermal spray · doi:10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2005p0165 · Cited by 3

РОЗРАХУНОК ТЕМПЕРАТУРНО-ШВИДКІСНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ЧАСТИНОК ПРИ ХОЛОДНОМУ ГАЗОДИНАМІЧНОМУ НАПИЛЮВАННІ

Шорінов, О. В., Волков, А. О., Маркович, С. Є., & Долматов, А. І. (2019) · Aerospace technic and technology · doi:10.32620/aktt.2019.7.20 · Cited by 1

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Cold Spray Process for Particle Velocity Investigation

Kamaraj, A., Zhou, W., & Song, X. (2021) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-5763-4_54 · Cited by 2