Cited by 784Advanced Photonic Communication SystemsOptical Network TechnologiesNeural Networks and Reservoir Computing

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Photonic analog-to-digital converters

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Valley, George C.·2007·Optics Express

DOI 10.1364/oe.15.001955

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Abstract

This paper reviews over 30 years of work on photonic analog-to-digital converters. The review is limited to systems in which the input is a radio-frequency (RF) signal in the electronic domain and the output is a digital version of that signal also in the electronic domain, and thus the review excludes photonic systems directed towards digitizing images or optical communication signals. The state of the art in electronic ADCs, basic properties of ADCs and properties of analog optical links, which are found in many photonic ADCs, are reviewed as background information for understanding photonic ADCs. Then four classes of photonic ADCs are reviewed: 1) photonic assisted ADC in which a photonic device is added to an electronic ADC to improve performance, 2) photonic sampling and electronic quantizing ADC, 3) electronic sampling and photonic quantizing ADC, and 4) photonic sampling and quantizing ADC. It is noted, however, that all 4 classes of "photonic ADC" require some electronic sampling and quantization. After reviewing all known photonic ADCs in the four classes, the review concludes with a discussion of the potential for photonic ADCs in the future.

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Authors: Valley, G. C.
Affiliations: The Aerospace Corporation (US)
Corresponding author: Valley, George C.
Venue: Optics Express
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Published: 2007
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Pages: 1955
ISSN: 1094-4087 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.001955
OpenAlex: W3021271220
Cited by: 784
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 50 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 58
FWCI: 33.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: doi.org/10.1364/OA_License_v1#VOR-OA (vor, 63 d)
opg.optica.org/policies/opg-tdm-policy.json (tdm, 63 d)
Locations: Optics Express (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Optical Network Technologies
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing
Keywords: photonic analog-to-digital converter, analog optical links

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Photonic analog-to-digital converters

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