Classical entanglement underpins the invariant propagation of space–time wave packets
Open accessAbstract
Propagation-invariant pulsed beams are generated by introducing appropriate tight correlations in their spatiotemporal spectrum. Such correlations constitute an example of what has been called “classical entanglement,” which is a necessary but insufficient requirement for propagation invariance. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that a standard measure of entanglement, the Schmidt number, determines the propagation distance under which the wave packets retain their shape. Reduction in this degree of classical entanglement manifests itself in an increased spread in the measured spatiotemporal spectral correlations.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cites
Lu, J., & Greenleaf, J. F. (1992) · IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control · doi:10.1109/58.166806 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Continuous Frequency Entanglement: Effective Finite Hilbert Space and Entropy Control
Law, C. K., Walmsley, I. A., & Eberly, J. H. (2000) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.84.5304 · Cited by 489 · see citing works
Analysis and Interpretation of High Transverse Entanglement in Optical Parametric Down Conversion
Law, C. K., & Eberly, J. H. (2004) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.127903 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Entangled quantum systems and the Schmidt decomposition
Ekert, A., & Knight, P. L. (1995) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.17904 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Evidence of X -Shaped Propagation-Invariant Localized Light Waves
Saari, P., & Reivelt, K. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.79.4135 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Diffraction-free space–time light sheets
Kondakci, H. E., & Abouraddy, A. F. (2017) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/s41566-017-0028-9 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Self-citationExperimental verification of nondiffracting X waves
Lu, J., & Greenleaf, J. F. (1992) · IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control · doi:10.1109/58.143178 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Optical space-time wave packets having arbitrary group velocities in free space
Kondakci, H. E., & Abouraddy, A. F. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08735-8 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citationSpontaneously Generated X-Shaped Light Bullets
Trapani, P. D., Valiulis, G., Piskarskas, A., et al. (2003) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.91.093904 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Bell's measure in classical optical coherence
Kagalwala, K. H., Giuseppe, G. D., Abouraddy, A. F., & Saleh, B. E. A. (2012) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2012.312 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Self-citationEntanglement and classical polarization states
Qian, X., & Eberly, J. H. (2011) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.36.004110 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Quantum−like nonseparable structures in optical beams
Aiello, A., Töppel, F., Marquardt, C., Giacobino, E., & Leuchs, G. (2015) · New Journal of Physics · doi:10.1088/1367-2630/17/4/043024 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Aperture realizations of exact solutions to homogeneous-wave equations
Ziolkowski, R. W., Besieris, I. M., & Shaarawi, A. M. (1993) · Journal of the Optical Society of America A · doi:10.1364/josaa.10.000075 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Donnelly, R., & Ziolkowski, R. W. (1993) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A Mathematical and Physical Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspa.1993.0033 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Propagation-Invariant Optical Fields
Turunen, J. P., & Friberg, A. T. (2009) · Progress in optics · doi:10.1016/s0079-6638(10)05406-5 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Complementarity of one-particle and two-particle interference
Jaeger, G. S., Horne, M., & Shimony, A. (1993) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.48.1023 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Generation and classification of localized waves by Lorentz transformations in Fourier space
Saari, P., & Reivelt, K. (2004) · Physical Review E · doi:10.1103/physreve.69.036612 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Diffraction-free pulsed optical beams via space-time correlations
Kondakci, H. E., & Abouraddy, A. F. (2016) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.24.028659 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationMeasurement of the Superluminal Group Velocity of an Ultrashort Bessel Beam Pulse
Alexeev, I. V., Kim, K., & Milchberg, H. M. (2002) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.88.073901 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Yessenov, М., Bhaduri, B., Kondakci, H. E., et al. (2019) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.99.023856 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationLongitudinal iso-phase condition and needle pulses
Parker, K. J., & Alonso, M. A. (2016) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.24.028669 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Self-citationAiry Wave Packets Accelerating in Space-Time
Kondakci, H. E., & Abouraddy, A. F. (2018) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.120.163901 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationDemonstration of the complementarity of one- and two-photon interference
Abouraddy, A. F., Nasr, M. B., Saleh, B. E. A., Sergienko, A. V., & Teich, M. C. (2001) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.63.063803 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationSpatio-temporal reshaping and X Wave dynamics in optical filaments.
Faccio, D., Averchi, A., Couairon, A., et al. (2007) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.15.013077 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Zamboni‐Rached, M., Recami, E., & Hernandez-Figueroa, H. E. (2002) · The European Physical Journal D · doi:10.1140/epjd/e2002-00198-7 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Classical entanglement: Oxymoron or resource?Preprint
Aiello, A., Töppel, F., Marquardt, C., et al. (2014) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1409.0213 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Space–time wave packets that travel in optical materials at the speed of light in vacuum
Bhaduri, B., Yessenov, М., & Abouraddy, A. F. (2019) · Optica · doi:10.1364/optica.6.000139 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationSpatiotemporal bessel beams: theory and experiments
Dallaire, M., McCarthy, N., & Piché, M. (2009) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.17.018148 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Gaussian beams diffracting in time
Porras, M. A. (2017) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.42.004679 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-healing of space-time light sheets
Kondakci, H. E., & Abouraddy, A. F. (2018) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.43.003830 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationSynthesizing broadband propagation-invariant space-time wave packets using transmissive phase plates
Kondakci, H. E., Yessenov, М., Meem, M., et al. (2018) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.26.013628 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationGaussian pulsed beams with arbitrary speed
Longhi, S. (2004) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/opex.12.000935 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
New class of uncertainty relations for partially coherent light
Bastiaans, M. J. (1984) · Journal of the Optical Society of America A · doi:10.1364/josaa.1.000711 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Meters-long propagation of diffraction-free space-time light-sheets
Bhaduri, B., Yessenov, М., & Abouraddy, A. F. (2018) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.26.020111 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationPorras, M. A. (2018) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.97.063803 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Jedrkiewicz, O., Wang, Y.-D., Valiulis, G., et al. (2013) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.21.025000 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Minimum uncertainty solutions for partially coherent fields and quantum mixed states
Alonso, M. A., Setälä, T., & Friberg, A. T. (2014) · New Journal of Physics · doi:10.1088/1367-2630/16/12/123023 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
- Authors
- Kondakci, H. E., Alonso, M. A., & Abouraddy, A. F.
- Affiliations
- University of Central Florida (US)
- Aix-Marseille Université (FR)
- Venue
- Optics Letters
- Publisher
- Optica Publishing Group
- Published
- 2019-05-17
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2645
- ISSN
- 0146-9592 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-4794
- OpenAlex
- W2944911819
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 3.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hal.science
- Locations
- Optics Letters (publishedVersion)
- HAL AMU (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Office of Naval Research (N00014-17-1-2458)
- National Science Foundation (PHY-1507278)
- Aix-Marseille Université
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Acoustics and Ultrasonics › Random lasers and scattering media
- Keywords
- classical entanglement, propagation-invariant beams, space-time wave packets, Schmidt number, pulsed beams
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review