The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
What Led to the Nigerian Boycott of the Polio Vaccination Campaign?
Open accessAbstract
accination is a crucial tool for preventing and controlling disease, but its use has been plagued by controversies worldwide [1][2][3][4][5][6].In this article, I look at the controversy surrounding the immunization program against polio in Nigeria, in which three states in northern Nigeria in 2003 boycotted the polio immunization campaign.I discuss the problems caused by the boycott, its implications, and how it was resolved.Finally, I make recommendations for the future to prevent a similar situation from arising. MethodsFor this article, I consulted relevant books, journals (online and print), Internet materials, and newspaper articles.In particular, I also searched for documentary materials on the history of vaccination in northern Nigeria, factors responsible for the boycott, and ethical issues arising from the boycott. What Led to the Nigerian Boycott of the Polio Vaccination Campaign?
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2018) · The Hastings Center Report · doi:10.1002/(issn)1552-146x · Cited by 852
Castellano, M. B. (2004) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · doi:10.18357/ijih11200412291 · Cited by 422
Pandemic influenza preparedness: an ethical framework to guide decision-making
Thompson, A. K., Faith, K., Gibson, J. L., & Upshur, R. E. (2006) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/1472-6939-7-12 · Cited by 293
BELLO, E. G. (1983) · Regional Cooperation, Organizations and Problems · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-86237-2.50080-9 · Cited by 267
Perspectives on polio and immunization in Northern Nigeria
Renne, E. (2006) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.04.025 · Cited by 168
BIOETHICS: AN AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE
Tangwa, G. B. (1996) · Bioethics · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.1996.tb00118.x · Cited by 131
Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 1990
Nigéria, & Macro, O. (1992) · Cited by 122
Ethical, Behavioral, and Social Aspects of HIV Vaccine Trials in Developing Countries
Lurie, P. G. (1994) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510280057033 · Cited by 60
Secret report surfaces showing that Pfizer was at fault in Nigerian drug tests
Lenzer, J. (2006) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7552.1233-a · Cited by 39
Kimman, T. G., & Boot, H. J. (2006) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(06)70603-x · Cited by 32
Cited by
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries
(2021) · doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01454-y · Cited by 1,105
Public health and public trust: Survey evidence from the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic in Liberia
Blair, R. A., Morse, B. S., & Tsai, L. L. (2017) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.016 · Cited by 614
Sterile-Insect Methods for Control of Mosquito-Borne Diseases: An Analysis
Alphey, L., Benedict, M., Bellini, R., Clark, G. G., Dame, D. A., Service, M. W., & Dobson, S. L. (2010) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2009.0014 · Cited by 554
Murray, D. R., & Schaller, M. (2016) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/bs.aesp.2015.09.002 · Cited by 282
Vaccine Hesitancy: Contemporary Issues and Historical Background
Nuwarda, R. F., Ramzan, I., Weekes, L., & Kayser, V. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10101595 · Cited by 282
Metadata
- Authors
- Jegede, A. S.
- Venue
- PLoS Medicine
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2007-03-20
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e73
- ISSN
- 1549-1277 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-1676
- OpenAlex
- W2092572089
- Cited by
- 490
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 9.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: What Led to the Nigerian Boycott of the Polio Vaccination Campaign? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1371/journal.pmed.0040073
- The paper
- Jegede, A. S. (2007). What Led to the Nigerian Boycott of the Polio Vaccination Campaign? PLoS Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0040073
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.