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Suppression and Regression of Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice by a Novel CCR2 Antagonist, INCB3344
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of an intravitreally administered CCR2 antagonist, INCB3344, on a mouse model of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). METHODS: CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation on Day 0 in wild type mice. INCB3344 or vehicle was administered intravitreally immediately after laser application. On Day 14, CNV areas were measured on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid flat mounts and histopathologic examination was performed on 7 µm-thick sections. Macrophage infiltration was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on RPE-choroid flat mounts and quantified by flow cytometry on Day 3. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein in RPE-choroid tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA, VEGF mRNA in sorted macrophages in RPE-choroid tissue was examine by real-time PCR and expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK 1/2) in RPE-choroid tissue was measured by Western blot analysis on Day 3. We also evaluated the efficacy of intravitreal INCB3344 to spontaneous CNV detected in Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) deficient mice. Changes in CNV size were assessed between pre- and 1week post-INCB3344 or vehicle administration in fundus photography and fluorescence angiography (FA). RESULTS: The mean CNV area in INCB3344-treated mice decreased by 42.4% compared with the vehicle-treated control mice (p<0.001). INCB3344 treatment significantly inhibited macrophage infiltration into the laser-irradiated area (p<0.001), and suppressed the expression of VEGF protein (p = 0.012), VEGF mRNA in infiltrating macrophages (p<0.001) and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (p<0.001). The area of spontaneous CNV in Sod1⁻/⁻ mice regressed by 70.35% in INCB3344-treated animals while no change was detected in vehicle-treated control mice (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: INCB3344 both inhibits newly forming CNV and regresses established CNV. Controlling inflammation by suppressing macrophage infiltration and angiogenic ability via the CCR-2/MCP-1 signal may be a useful therapeutic strategy for treating CNV associated with age-related macular degeneration.
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The MAPK signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of AMD.
“Emerging evidence suggests that the MAPK signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of AMD 34-36 .”
From rAAV-mediated Multi-miRNA Delivery Targeting MAPK Pathway Suppresses Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice (2026) · cites this paper as [34]
The Results report MAPK-associated ERK1/2 activation in a mouse model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, and the Discussion links ERK1/2 to macrophage infiltration and VEGF production. The Introduction identifies neovascularization as a hallmark of wet AMD, but the paper does not establish that MAPK plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of AMD broadly. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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An animal model of age-related macular degeneration in senescent Ccl-2- or Ccr-2-deficient mice
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Dridi, S., Hirano, Y., Tarallo, V., Kim, Y., Fowler, B. J., Ambati, B. K., Bogdanovich, S., Chiodo, V. A., Hauswirth, W. W., Kugel, J. F., et al. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1206494109 · Cited by 105
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Metadata
- Authors
- Xie, P., Kamei, M., Suzuki, M., Matsumura, N., Nishida, K., Sakimoto, S., Sakaguchi, H., & Nishida, K.
- Affiliations
- The University of Osaka (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kamei, Motohiro
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-12-19
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- e28933
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3242774
- OpenAlex
- W2035424618
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (21592231, 15591853)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Keywords
- choroidal neovascularization, CCR2 antagonist, macrophage infiltration, vascular endothelial growth factor, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, laser-induced CNV, intravitreal administration, inflammation, choroid, retinal pigment epithelium, angiogenesis inhibition, mouse model
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Lasers, Macrophages, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Phosphorylation, Pyrrolidines, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1, Choroidal Neovascularization, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3, Mice, Receptors, CCR2
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