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Management of Deep Brain Stimulator Battery Failure: Battery Estimators, Charge Density, and Importance of Clinical Symptoms
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: We aimed in this investigation to study deep brain stimulation (DBS) battery drain with special attention directed toward patient symptoms prior to and following battery replacement. BACKGROUND: Previously our group developed web-based calculators and smart phone applications to estimate DBS battery life (http://mdc.mbi.ufl.edu/surgery/dbs-battery-estimator). METHODS: A cohort of 320 patients undergoing DBS battery replacement from 2002-2012 were included in an IRB approved study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY). RESULTS: The mean charge density for treatment of Parkinson's disease was 7.2 µC/cm(2)/phase (SD = 3.82), for dystonia was 17.5 µC/cm(2)/phase (SD = 8.53), for essential tremor was 8.3 µC/cm(2)/phase (SD = 4.85), and for OCD was 18.0 µC/cm(2)/phase (SD = 4.35). There was a significant relationship between charge density and battery life (r = -.59, p<.001), as well as total power and battery life (r = -.64, p<.001). The UF estimator (r = .67, p<.001) and the Medtronic helpline (r = .74, p<.001) predictions of battery life were significantly positively associated with actual battery life. Battery status indicators on Soletra and Kinetra were poor predictors of battery life. In 38 cases, the symptoms improved following a battery change, suggesting that the neurostimulator was likely responsible for symptom worsening. For these cases, both the UF estimator and the Medtronic helpline were significantly correlated with battery life (r = .65 and r = .70, respectively, both p<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Battery estimations, charge density, total power and clinical symptoms were important factors. The observation of clinical worsening that was rescued following neurostimulator replacement reinforces the notion that changes in clinical symptoms can be associated with battery drain.
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In a study of battery drain in Deep Brain Stimulation, charge density and total power were significantly related to power source life.
“Another study focusing on battery drain in Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) found that charge density and total power were significantly related to power source life (Fakhar et al., 2013).”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Fakhar et al., 2013
The DBS study observed clinical worsening in 38 cases, which improved following battery replacement.
“The study observed clinical worsening in 38 cases, which improved following battery replacement.”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Fakhar et al., 2013
The University of Florida estimator and the Medtronic helpline were significantly correlated with actual battery life.
“The study used both the University of Florida (UF) estimator and the Medtronic helpline to estimate battery life, both of which were significantly correlated with actual battery life (Fakhar et al., 2013).”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Fakhar et al., 2013
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Formolo, D. A., Drabowski, N. R., Mello, H. M., Hoeller, A. A., de Carvalho, C. R., Neto, A. T., & Walz, R. (2026) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-026-07408-5
Metadata
- Authors
- Fakhar, K., Hastings, E., Butson, C. R., Foote, K. D., Zeilman, P., & Okun, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Okun, Michael S.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-03-11
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e58665
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3594176
- OpenAlex
- W2043719987
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 4.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research
- National Parkinson Foundation
- University of Florida Foundation
- Vanderbilt University
- Parkinson Alliance
- National Institutes of Health
- Parkinsonfonden
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Keywords
- deep brain stimulation, battery consumption, battery lifetime prediction, charge density, battery replacement, Parkinson's disease, dystonia, essential tremor, obsessive-compulsive disorder, symptom worsening
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Dystonia, Humans, Middle Aged, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Parkinson Disease, Essential Tremor, Deep Brain Stimulation, Young Adult, Implantable Neurostimulators
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