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Cited by 282Prenatal Substance Exposure EffectsSmoking Behavior and CessationPregnancy and preeclampsia studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A systematic review of maternal smoking during pregnancy and fetal measurements with meta-analysis

Open access
Abraham, Miriam, Alramadhan, Salem, Iniguez, Carmen, Duijts, Liesbeth, Jaddoe, Vincent W. V., Den Dekker, Herman T., Crozier, Sarah, Godfrey, Keith M., Hindmarsh, Peter, Vik, Torstein, Jacobsen, Geir W., Hanke, Wojciech, Sobala, Wojciech, Devereux, Graham, Turner, Steve·2017·PLOS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0170946PMC PMC5322900
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is linked to reduced birth weight but the gestation at onset of this relationship is not certain. We present a systematic review of the literature describing associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ultrasound measurements of fetal size, together with an accompanying meta-analysis. METHODS: Studies were selected from electronic databases (OVID, EMBASE and Google Scholar) that examined associations between maternal smoking or smoke exposure and antenatal fetal ultrasound measurements. Outcome measures were first, second or third trimester fetal measurements. RESULTS: There were 284 abstracts identified, 16 papers were included in the review and the meta-analysis included data from eight populations. Maternal smoking was associated with reduced second trimester head size (mean reduction 0.09 standard deviation (SD) [95% CI 0.01, 0.16]) and femur length (0.06 [0.01, 0.10]) and reduced third trimester head size (0.18 SD [0.13, 0.23]), femur length (0.27 SD [0.21, 0.32]) and estimated fetal weight (0.18 SD [0.11, 0.24]). Higher maternal cigarette consumption was associated with a lower z score for head size in the second (mean difference 0.09 SD [0, 0.19]) and third (0.15 SD [0.03, 0.26]) trimesters compared to lower consumption. Fetal measurements were not reduced for those whose mothers quit before or after becoming pregnant compared to mothers who had never smoked. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with reduced fetal measurements after the first trimester, particularly reduced head size and femur length. These effects may be attenuated if mothers quit or reduce cigarette consumption during pregnancy.

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Fig 1 Flow style diagram showing how the papers included in the review were identified.
Fig 1 Flow style diagram showing how the papers included in the review were identified.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 2 Mean z scores for femur length, abdominal circumference and biparietal diameter for fetuses exposed to maternal smoking relative to non-exposed fetuses. The vertical lines correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 2 Mean z scores for femur length, abdominal circumference and biparietal diameter for fetuses exposed to maternal smoking relative to non-exposed fetuses. The vertical lines correspond to 95% confidence intervals.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 3 Forest plots demonstrating the association between maternal smoking and fetal head size (biparietal diameter or head circumference) in the second trimester (panel A) or the third trimester (panel B).
Fig 3 Forest plots demonstrating the association between maternal smoking and fetal head size (biparietal diameter or head circumference) in the second trimester (panel A) or the third trimester (panel B).CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Abraham, M., Alramadhan, S., Iniguez, C., Duijts, L., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Den Dekker, H. T., Crozier, S., Godfrey, K. M., Hindmarsh, P., Vik, T., Jacobsen, G. W., Hanke, W., Sobala, W., Devereux, G., & Turner, S.
Affiliations
  • University of Aberdeen (GB)
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
  • University College London (GB)
  • Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
  • Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (PL)
Corresponding author
Turner, Steve
ORCID
Venue
PLOS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2017-02-23
Volume
12
Issue
2
Pages
e0170946
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0170946
PMC
PMC5322900
OpenAlex
W2589713358
Cited by
282
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 3
FWCI
4.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway)) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
  • Aberdeen University Research Archive (Aberdeen University) (submittedVersion)
  • NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
European Cooperation in Science and Technology
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Keywords
smoking during pregnancy, fetal growth, fetal head circumference, femur length, estimated fetal weight, cigarette consumption, smoking cessation, prenatal tobacco exposure, birth weight
MeSH terms
Birth Weight, Female, Fetal Growth Retardation, Head, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Fetal Development

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