The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validity and reliability of the Kinovea program in obtaining angles and distances using coordinates in 4 perspectives
Open accessAbstract
An objective analysis of the human movement can help both clinical assessment and sports performance. Kinovea is a free 2D motion analysis software that can be used to measure kinematic parameters. This low-cost technology has been used in sports sciences, as well as in the clinical and research fields. One interesting tool is that it can measure an object (or person) passing in front of the camera, taking into account the perspective between the camera and the recorded object. Although it has been validated as a tool to assess time-related variables, few studies assessed its validity compared to a Gold Standard; furthermore, its reliability in different perspectives has not been previously assessed. The main objective of this study is to determine the validity of the Kinovea software compared to AutoCAD, and its intra and inter-rater reliability in obtaining coordinates data; a second objective is to compare their results at 4 different perspectives (90°, 75°, 60° and 45°) and to assess the inter and intra rater reliability at each perspective. For this purpose, a wire structure figure in the shape of a human lower limb was designed and measured in AutoCAD; it was then recorded during a pendular motion with a video-camera placed at distance of 5 m and analyzed with Kinovea in the 4 perspectives (90°, 75°, 60° and 45°). Each frame was examined by three observers who made two attempts. A multiple approach was applied involving the analysis of the systematic error, with a two-way ANOVA 2x4; the relative reliability with Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the Coefficient of Variance (CV) (95% confidence interval); and the absolute reliability with the Standard Error (SE). The results indicate that the Kinovea software is a valid and reliable tool that is able to measure accurately at distances up to 5 m from the object and at an angle range of 90°-45°. Nevertheless, for optimum results an angle of 90° is suggested.
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“The validity and reliability of the Kinovea software was previously studied (34–36).”
From Kinematic analysis of the back squat at different load intensities in powerlifters and weightlifters (2024) · cites this paper as [35]
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“positioning the head near the edges of the camera’s field of view may have increased errors due to parallax or spherical lens distortion compared to the segments located closer to the center of the frame (e.g., pelvis and knee) [48,57].”
From Intra-Rater and Test–Retest Reliability of Kinovea for the Kinematic Analysis of Squatting in Healthy Active Women (2026) · cites this paper as [48]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Puig-Diví, A., Escalona-Marfil, C., Padullés-Riu, J. M., Busquets, A., Padullés-Chando, X., & Marcos-Ruiz, D.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Ramon Llull (ES)
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (ES)
- Universitat de Girona (ES)
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2019-06-05
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e0216448
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6550386
- OpenAlex
- W2948315428
- Cited by
- 434
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 24.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Institut Nacional d'Educacio Fisica de Catalunya, Generalitat de Catalunya
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Keywords
- Kinovea, video-based motion analysis, measurement validity, inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, camera angles, coordinate measurement, pendulum motion, lower limb kinematics, systematic errors
- MeSH terms
- Biomechanical Phenomena, Gait, Humans, Movement, Software, Reproducibility of Results, Range of Motion, Articular
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