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Combined impact of pesticides and other environmental stressors on animal diversity in irrigation ponds
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Abstract
Rice paddy irrigation ponds can sustain surprisingly high taxonomic richness and make significant contributions to regional biodiversity. We evaluated the impacts of pesticides and other environmental stressors (including eutrophication, decreased macrophyte coverage, physical habitat destruction, and invasive alien species) on the taxonomic richness of freshwater animals in 21 irrigation ponds in Japan. We sampled a wide range of freshwater animals (reptiles, amphibians, fishes, mollusks, crustaceans, insects, annelids, bryozoans, and sponges) and surveyed environmental variables related to pesticide contamination and other stressors listed above. Statistical analyses comprised contraction of highly correlated environmental variables, best-subset model selection, stepwise model selection, and permutation tests. Results showed that: (i) probenazole (fungicide) was a significant stressor on fish (i.e., contamination with this compound had a significantly negative correlation with fish taxonomic richness), (ii) the interaction of BPMC (insecticide; also known as fenobucarb) and bluegill (invasive alien fish) was a significant stressor on a "large insect" category (Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata, and Trichoptera), (iii) the interaction of BPMC and concrete bank protection was a significant stressor on an "invertebrate" category, (iv) the combined impacts of BPMC and the other stressors on the invertebrate and large insect categories resulted in an estimated mean loss of taxonomic richness by 15% and 77%, respectively, in comparison with a hypothetical pond with preferable conditions.
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“Pesticide pollution in freshwaters also represents a long-term persistent issue (Ito et al. 2020), yet quantifying concentrations remains challenging due to high spatiotemporal variability, limitations of instrument availability, and difficultly in identifying new/emerging chemicals (Lorenz et al. 2017).”
From Pond ecology and conservation: research priorities and knowledge gaps (2021) · cites this paper as Ito et al. 2020
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ito, H. C., Shiraishi, H., Nakagawa, M., & Takamura, N.
- Affiliations
- National Institute for Environmental Studies (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Ito, Hiroshi C.
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2020-07-02
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e0229052
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7332035
- OpenAlex
- W3040065177
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 2.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Keywords
- pesticide contamination, irrigation ponds, paddy fields, freshwater biodiversity, taxonomic richness, probenazole, fenobucarb, bluegill, invasive alien fish, eutrophication, habitat loss, combined stress, insecticides, fungicides, invertebrates, freshwater fauna
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Carbamates, Environmental Monitoring, Invertebrates, Pesticides, Thiazoles, Vertebrates, Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Introduced Species, Ponds
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