The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Acidification of Blood Is Superior to Sodium Fluoride Alone as an Inhibitor of Glycolysis
Abstract
Background: Sodium fluoride is the preferred agent to inhibit glycolysis. Its action is not immediate, however, and complete inhibition is delayed for up to 4 hours. A more effective method is needed. Acidification of blood combined with the addition of NaF and EDTA appears to be such a method. We studied whether acidification was indeed more effective than NaF. Methods: We conducted 6 independent studies over a 10-month period at 3 Quest Diagnostics laboratory sites. In each study, we drew venous blood from 6–24 nonfasting employee volunteers into 3 or 4 different serum- or plasma-collection tubes, which were stored under different conditions and aliquoted at different times. We analyzed the aliquots in duplicate by means of a hexokinase-based enzymatic method. Results: The mean glucose concentration decreased by 0.3% at 2 h and by 1.2% at 24 h when blood was drawn into tubes containing citrate buffer, NaF, and EDTA. In contrast, the mean glucose concentration decreased by 4.6% at 2 h and by 7.0% at 24 h when blood was drawn into tubes containing NaF and sodium oxalate. Conclusions: Acidification should replace NaF alone as the recommended method for obtaining an accurate glucose concentration. Diagnostic cut points based on blood samples collected into tubes containing NaF as the only inhibitor of glycolysis are likely to be too low.
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Sacks, D. B., Arnold, M., Bakris, G. L., Bruns, D. E., Horvath, A. R., Kirkman, M. S., Lernmark, A., Metzger, B. E., & Nathan, D. M. (2011) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.161596 · Cited by 1,360
Sacks, D. B., Bruns, D. E., Goldstein, D. E., Maclaren, N. K., McDonald, J. M., & Parrott, M. A. (2002) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/48.3.436 · Cited by 1,132
Effectiveness of sodium fluoride as a preservative of glucose in blood
Chan, A. Y., Swaminathan, R., & Cockram, C. S. (1989) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/35.2.315 · Cited by 289
Stabilization of Glucose in Blood Specimens: Mechanism of Delay in Fluoride Inhibition of Glycolysis
Mikesh, L. M., & Bruns, D. E. (2008) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2007.102160 · Cited by 114
M. Stahl, L. G. M. J. (2001) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/003655101300133612 · Cited by 79
A new method of inhibiting glycolysis in blood samples
Uchida, K., Matuse, R., Toyoda, E., Okuda, S., & Tomita, S. (1988) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0009-8981(88)90125-8 · Cited by 53
Waring, W. S., Evans, L. E., & Kirkpatrick, C. T. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1136/jcp.2006.039925 · Cited by 42
Normal Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels and Type 2 Diabetes
Gambino, R., Reichberg, S. B., & Schwartz, J. G. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc052984 · Cited by 8
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International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1c assay in the diagnosis of diabetes
The International Expert Committee (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-9033 · Cited by 3,185
Sacks, D. B., Arnold, M., Bakris, G. L., Bruns, D. E., Horvath, A. R., Kirkman, M. S., Lernmark, A., Metzger, B. E., & Nathan, D. M. (2011) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.161596 · Cited by 1,360
Hod, M., Kapur, A., Sacks, D. A., Hadar, E., Agarwal, M., Di Renzo, G. C., Roura, L. C., McIntyre, H. D., Morris, J. L., & Divakar, H. (2015) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1016/s0020-7292(15)30033-3 · Cited by 767
Sacks, D. B., Arnold, M., Bakris, G. L., Bruns, D. E., Horvath, A. R., Kirkman, M. S., Lernmark, A., Metzger, B. E., & Nathan, D. M. (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-9998 · Cited by 718
A European Evidence-Based Guideline for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes
Paulweber, B., Valensi, P. E., Lindström, J., Lalic, N. M., Greaves, C. J., McKee, M., Kissimova‐Skarbek, K., Liatis, S., Cosson, E., Szendroedi, J., et al. (2010) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-0029-1240928 · Cited by 485
Metadata
- Authors
- Gambino, R., Piscitelli, J., Ackattupathil, T. A., Theriault, J. L., Andrin, R. D., Sanfilippo, M. L., & Etienne, M.
- Affiliations
- Quest Diagnostics (United States) (US)
- Teterboro, NJ
- West Hills, CA, and
- Miramar, FL
- Corresponding author
- Gambino, Raymond
- Venue
- Clinical Chemistry
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-05-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1019-1021
- ISSN
- 0009-9147 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8561
- OpenAlex
- W2156782964
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 7.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Clinical Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Medical Laboratory Technology › Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Microbiology (medical) › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Keywords
- sodium fluoride, glycolysis inhibition, EDTA, sodium oxalate, blood collection tubes, serum glucose, plasma glucose, blood sample storage, diagnostic thresholds
- MeSH terms
- Blood, Blood Glucose, Blood Preservation, Citrates, Diabetes Mellitus, Glycolysis, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Sodium Fluoride, Specimen Handling
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