Cited by 506Glycosylation and Glycoproteins ResearchCystic Fibrosis Research AdvancesAsthma and respiratory diseases

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Mucins, Mucus, and Sputum

Voynow, Judith A., Rubin, Bruce K.·2009·Chest

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Abstract

Normal airway mucus lines the epithelial surface and provides an important innate immune function by detoxifying noxious molecules and by trapping and removing pathogens and particulates from the airway via mucociliary clearance. The major macromolecular constituents of normal mucus, the mucin glycoproteins, are large, heavily glycosylated proteins with a defining feature of tandemly repeating sequences of amino acids rich in serine and threonine, the linkage sites for large carbohydrate structures. The mucins are composed of two major families: secreted mucins and membrane-associated mucins. Membrane-associated mucins have been reported to function as cell surface receptors for pathogens and to activate intracellular signaling pathways. The biochemical and cellular functions for secreted mucin glycoproteins have not been definitively assigned. In contrast to normal mucus, sputum production is the hallmark of chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis (CF). Sputum has altered macromolecular composition and biophysical properties which vary with disease, but unifying features are failure of mucociliary clearance, resulting in airway obstruction, and failure of innate immune properties. Mucin glycoprotein overproduction and hypersecretion are common features of chronic inflammatory airway disease, and this has been the underlying rationale to investigate the mechanisms of mucin gene regulation and mucin secretion. However, in some pathologic conditions such as CF, airway sputum contains little intact mucin and has increased content of several macromolecules including DNA, filamentous actin, lipids, and proteoglycans. This review will highlight the most recent insights on mucus biology in health and disease.

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Self-citation
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Authors: Voynow, J. A., & Rubin, B. K.
Affiliations: Duke University (US)
Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
Corresponding author: Voynow, Judith A.
ORCID: Voynow, Judith A.
Rubin, Bruce K.
Venue: Chest
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-02
Volume: 135
Issue: 2
Pages: 505-512
ISSN: 0012-3692 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1378/chest.08-0412
OpenAlex: W2148736553
Cited by: 504
References: 84
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 40
FWCI: 15.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: CHEST Journal (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-65611, R01HL065611)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Asthma and respiratory diseases
Keywords: mucin, mucus, sputum, mucociliary clearance, innate immunity, mucin glycosylation, secreted mucins, mucin secretion, chronic inflammatory airway diseases, asthma, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, airway obstruction, proteoglycans
MeSH terms: Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, Female, Humans, Male, Mucins, Mucociliary Clearance, Mucus, Respiratory System, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sputum, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Bronchitis, Chronic

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