The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Phase 2 Study of Galunisertib (TGF-β1 Receptor Type I Inhibitor) and Sorafenib in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Inhibition of tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor type I potentiated the activity of sorafenib in preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Galunisertib is a small-molecule selective inhibitor of TGF-β1 receptor type I, which demonstrated activity in a phase 2 trial as second-line HCC treatment. METHODS: The combination of galunisertib and sorafenib (400 mg BID) was tested in patients with advanced HCC and Child-Pugh A liver function without prior systemic therapy. Galunisertib dose was administered 80 or 150 mg b.i.d. orally for 14 days every 28 days in safety lead-in cohorts; in the expansion cohort, all patients received galunisertib 150 mg b.i.d. Objectives included time-to-tumor progression, changes in circulating alpha fetoprotein and TGF-β1, safety, overall survival (OS), response rate, and pharmacokinetics (PK). RESULTS: Patients (n = 47) were enrolled from 5 non-Asian countries; 3 and 44 patients received the 80 mg and 150 mg b.i.d. doses of galunisertib, respectively. The pharmacokinetics and safety profiles were consistent with monotherapy of each drug. For the 150 mg b.i.d. galunisertib cohort, the median time-to-tumor progression was 4.1 months; the median OS was 18.8 months. A partial response was seen in 2 patients, stable disease in 21, and progressive disease in 13. TGF-β1 responders (decrease of >20% from baseline) vs nonresponders had longer OS (22.8 vs 12.0 months, P = 0.038). DISCUSSION: The combination of galunisertib and sorafenib showed acceptable safety and a prolonged OS outcome.
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Cites
New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1)
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Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Llovet, J. M., Ricci, S., Mazzaferro, V., Hilgard, P., Gane, E., Blanc, J.-F., de Oliveira, A. C., Santoro, A., Raoul, J.-L., Forner, A., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0708857 · Cited by 13,097
Self-citationCheng, A.-L., Kang, Y.-K., Chen, Z., Tsao, C.-J., Qin, S., Kim, J. S., Luo, R., Feng, J., Ye, S., Yang, T.-S., et al. (2009) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(08)70285-7 · Cited by 5,832
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Self-citationHoshida, Y., Nijman, S. M. B., Kobayashi, M., Chan, J. A., Brunet, J.-P., Chiang, D. Y., Villanueva, A., Newell, P., Ikeda, K., Hashimoto, M., et al. (2009) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-1089 · Cited by 1,238
Kovacs, R. J., Maldonado, G., Azaro, A., Fernández, M. S., Romero, F. L., Sepulveda-Sánchez, J. M., Corretti, M., Carducci, M., Dolan, M., Gueorguieva, I., et al. (2015) · Cardiovascular Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s12012-014-9297-4 · Cited by 108
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Cited by
Targeting TGF-β signal transduction for fibrosis and cancer therapy
Peng, D., Fu, M., Wang, M., Wei, Y., & Wei, X. (2022) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-022-01569-x · Cited by 1,065
TGFβ biology in cancer progression and immunotherapy
Derynck, R., Turley, S. J., & Akhurst, R. J. (2021) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-020-0403-1 · Cited by 944
Targeting TGFβ signal transduction for cancer therapy
Liu, S., Ren, J., & ten Dijke, P. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00436-9 · Cited by 413
“A phase 2 study of this inhibitor for patients with advanced HCC showed acceptable safety and prolonged overall survival.(215) However, in a phase 2 study of patients with recurrent glioblastoma, this inhibitor failed to improve the overall survival.”
BackgroundTargeting cancer-promoting inflammation — have anti-inflammatory therapies come of age?
Hou, J., Karin, M., & Sun, B. (2021) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-020-00459-9 · Cited by 366
Hepatocellular carcinoma: signaling pathways and therapeutic advances
Zheng, J., Wang, S., Xia, L., Sun, Z., Chan, K. M., Bernards, R., Qin, W., Chen, J., Xia, Q., & Jin, H. (2025) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-02075-w · Cited by 341
Metadata
- Authors
- Kelley, R. K., Gane, E., Assenat, E., Siebler, J., Galle, P. R., Merle, P., Hourmand, I. O., Cleverly, A., Zhao, Y., Gueorguieva, I., Lahn, M., Faivre, S., Benhadji, K. A., & Giannelli, G.
- Venue
- Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology
- Published
- 2019-07-01
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e00056
- ISSN
- 2155-384X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2962221292
- Cited by
- 247
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 16.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- Kelley, R. K., Gane, E., Assenat, E., Siebler, J., Galle, P. R., Merle, P., Hourmand, I. O., Cleverly, A., Zhao, Y., Gueorguieva, I., Lahn, M., Faivre, S., Benhadji, K. A., & Giannelli, G. (2019). A Phase 2 Study of Galunisertib (TGF-β1 Receptor Type I Inhibitor) and Sorafenib in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology. https://doi.org/10.14309/ctg.0000000000000056
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