Effect of 8 weeks of free-weight and machine-based strength training on strength and power performance
Open accessAbstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of free-weight and machine-based exercises to increase different strength and speed-strength variables. One hundred twenty male participants (age: 23.8 ± 2.5 years; body height: 181.0 ± 6.8 cm; body mass: 80.2 ± 8.9 kg) joined the study. The 2 experimental groups completed an 8 week periodized strength training program that included 2 training sessions per week. The exercises that were used in the strength training programs were the parallel barbell squat and the leg press. Before and after the training period, the 1-repetition-maximum in the barbell squat and the leg press, the squat jump, the countermovement jump and unilateral isometric force (maximal isometric force and the rate of force development) were evaluated. To compare each group pre vs. post-intervention, analysis of variance with repeated measures and Scheffé post-hoc tests were used. The leg press group increased their 1-repetition-maximum significantly (p < 0.001), while in the squat group such variables as 1-repetition-maximum, the squat jump and the countermovement jump increased significantly (p < 0.001). The maximal isometric force showed no statistically significant result for the repeated measures factor, while the rate of force development of the squat group even showed a statistically significant decrease. Differences between the 2 experimental groups were detected for the squat jump and the countermovement jump. In comparison with the leg press, the squat might be a better strength training exercise for the development of jump performance.
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Resistance training is the most common method to increase muscle strength and hypertrophy.
“Although RT is the most common method to increase muscle strength and hypertrophy [46, 141, 142]”
From Minimalist Training: Is Lower Dosage or Intensity Resistance Training Effective to Improve Physical Fitness? A Narrative Review (2024) · cites this paper as [142]
The Introduction (page not provided) discusses strength training for muscle hypertrophy, and the reported results show gains in maximum dynamic strength. The paper does not establish that resistance training is the most common method for either goal, and it did not measure hypertrophy in this trial. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Wirth, K., Keiner, M., Hartmann, H., Sander, A., & Mickel, C.
- Affiliations
- Fachhochschule Wiener Neustadt (AT)
- Swimming Federation of the State Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- German Luge and Bobsled Federation, Berchtesgaden, Germany
- Corresponding author
- Keiner, Michael
- Venue
- Journal of Human Kinetics
- Publisher
- Walter de Gruyter GmbH
- Published
- 2016-10-15
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 201-210
- ISSN
- 1640-5544 (ISSN-L)
- 1899-7562
- PMC
- PMC5260589
- OpenAlex
- W2536037986
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 5.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Human Kinetics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- free weight training, resistance training, power performance, one-repetition maximum, squat jump, countermovement jump, rate of force development, maximal isometric force, barbell squat, leg press, jump performance, training periodization
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