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Cited by 12Metamaterials and Metasurfaces ApplicationsPlasmonic and Surface Plasmon ResearchAdvanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies

Inverse design of nonlinear metasurfaces for sum frequency generation

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Li, Neuton, Zhang, Jihua, Neshev, Dragomir N., Sukhorukov, Andrey A.·2024·Nanophotonics
DOI 10.1515/nanoph-2024-0137PMC PMC11501459
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Abstract

Sum frequency generation (SFG) has multiple applications, from optical sources to imaging, where efficient conversion requires either long interaction distances or large field concentrations in a quadratic nonlinear material. Metasurfaces provide an essential avenue to enhanced SFG due to resonance with extreme field enhancements with an integrated ultrathin platform. In this work, we formulate a general theoretical framework for multi‐objective topology optimization of nanopatterned metasurfaces that facilitate high‐efficiency SFG and simultaneously select the emitted direction and tailor the metasurface polarization response. Based on this framework, we present novel metasurface designs showcasing ultimate flexibility in transforming the outgoing nonlinearly generated light for applications spanning from imaging to polarimetry. For example, one of our metasurfaces produces highly polarized and directional SFG emission with an efficiency of over 0.2 cm 2 GW −1 in a 10 nm signal operating bandwidth.

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  • ISTs offer one of the largest χ(2) available in condensed matter systems.

    “ISTs offer one of the largest χ (2) available in condensed matter systems [37]”

    From Inverse Design of an All-Dielectric Nonlinear Polaritonic Metasurface. (2025) · cites this paper as [37]

    The Results section discusses χ(2) in metasurface design and identifies InGaP as the nonlinear material used in the examples. Searches for ISTs, intersubband transitions, and a comparison of χ(2) values across condensed-matter systems found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.74)

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References 64 · Cited by 12

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Authors
Li, N., Zhang, J., Neshev, D. N., & Sukhorukov, A. A.
Affiliations
Australian National University (AU)
Corresponding author
Li, Neuton
ORCID
Venue
Nanophotonics
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2024-06-05
Volume
13
Issue
18
Pages
3363-3372
ISSN
  • 2192-8606 (ISSN-L)
  • 2192-8614
DOI
10.1515/nanoph-2024-0137
PMC
PMC11501459
OpenAlex
W4393118669
Cited by
12
References
64
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 1
FWCI
0.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nanophotonics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (cc-by)
Funders
Australian Research Council (CE200100010)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies
Keywords
sum-frequency generation, nonlinear metasurfaces, inverse design, topology optimization, quadratic nonlinear optics, field enhancement, polarization control, directional emission

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