Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 44

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

“Functional” Inspiratory and Core Muscle Training Enhances Running Performance and Economy

Tong, Tomas K., McConnell, Alison K., Lin, Hua, Nie, Jinlei, Zhang, Haifeng, Wang, Jiayuan·2016·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Abstract

Tong, TK, McConnell, AK, Lin, H, Nie, J, Zhang, H, and Wang, J. “Functional” inspiratory and core muscle training enhances running performance and economy. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2942–2951, 2016—We compared the effects of two 6-week high-intensity interval training interventions. Under the control condition (CON), only interval training was undertaken, whereas under the intervention condition (ICT), interval training sessions were followed immediately by core training, which was combined with simultaneous inspiratory muscle training (IMT)—“functional” IMT. Sixteen recreational runners were allocated to either ICT or CON groups. Before the intervention phase, both groups undertook a 4-week program of “foundation” IMT to control for the known ergogenic effect of IMT (30 inspiratory efforts at 50% maximal static inspiratory pressure [P 0 ] per set, 2 sets per day, 6 days per week). The subsequent 6-week interval running training phase consisted of 3–4 sessions per week. In addition, the ICT group undertook 4 inspiratory-loaded core exercises (10 repetitions per set, 2 sets per day, inspiratory load set at 50% post-IMT P 0 ) immediately after each interval training session. The CON group received neither core training nor functional IMT. After the intervention phase, global inspiratory and core muscle functions increased in both groups ( p ≤ 0.05), as evidenced by P 0 and a sport-specific endurance plank test (SEPT) performance, respectively. Compared with CON, the ICT group showed larger improvements in SEPT, running economy at the speed of the onset of blood lactate accumulation, and 1-hour running performance (3.04% vs. 1.57%, p ≤ 0.05). The changes in these variables were interindividually correlated ( r ≥ 0.57, n = 16, p ≤ 0.05). Such findings suggest that the addition of inspiratory-loaded core conditioning into a high-intensity interval training program augments the influence of the interval program on endurance running performance and that this may be underpinned by an improvement in running economy.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000656

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 24

  1. Aziz, 2010, Effects of Ramadan fasting on 60 min of endurance running performance in moderately trained men, Br J Sports Med, 44, 516, 10.1136/bjsm.2009.070425 · DOI
  2. Behm, 2009, Trunk muscle activation during moderate- and high-intensity running, Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 34, 1008, 10.1139/H09-102 · DOI
  3. Borghuis, 2008, The importance of sensory-motor control in providing core stability, Sports Med, 38, 893, 10.2165/00007256-200838110-00002 · DOI
  4. Edwards, 2008, Concurrent inspiratory muscle and cardiovascular training differentially improves both perceptions of effort and 5000 m running performance compared with cardiovascular training alone, Br J Sports Med, 42, 523, 10.1136/bjsm.2007.045377 · DOI
  5. Fredericson, 2005, Core stabilization training for middle- and long-distance runners, IAAF New Stud Athletics, 1, 25
  6. Gandevia, 2002, Proprioception: Peripheral inputs and perceptual interactions, Adv Exp Med Biol, 508, 61, 10.1007/978-1-4615-0713-0_8 · DOI
  7. Green, 2002, ATS/ERS statement on respiratory muscle testing: Tests of respiratory muscle strength, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 166, 518, 10.1164/rccm.166.4.518 · DOI
  8. Hibbs, 2008, Optimizing performance by improving core stability and core strength, Sports Med, 38, 995, 10.2165/00007256-200838120-00004 · DOI
  9. Janssens, 2010, The effect of inspiratory muscles fatigue on postural control in people with and without recurrent low back pain, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 35, 1088, 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181bee5c3 · DOI
  10. Kibler, 2006, The role of core stability in athletic function, Sports Med, 36, 189, 10.2165/00007256-200636030-00001 · DOI
  11. McConnell, 2009, Respiratory muscle training as an ergogenic aid, J Exerc Sci Fit, 7, 18, 10.1016/S1728-869X(09)60019-8 · DOI
  12. McGill, 1995, Loads on spinal tissues during simultaneous lifting and ventilatory challenge, Ergonomics, 38, 1772, 10.1080/00140139508925226 · DOI
  13. Okada, 2011, Relationship between core stability, functional movement, and performance, J Strength Cond Res, 25, 252, 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b22b3e · DOI
  14. Reed, 2012, The effects of isolated and integrated “core stability” training on athletic performance measures: A systematic review, Sports Med, 42, 697, 10.1007/BF03262289 · DOI
  15. Romer, 2003, Specificity and reversibility of inspiratory muscle training, Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35, 237, 10.1249/01.MSS.0000048642.58419.1E · DOI
  16. Romer, 2002, Effects of inspiratory muscle training on time-trial performance in trained cyclists, J Sports Sci, 20, 547, 10.1080/026404102760000053 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Sato, 2009, Does core strength training influence running kinetics, lower-extremity stability, and 5000-m performance in runners?, J Strength Cond Res, 23, 133, 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818eb0c5 · DOI
  18. Schache, 1999, The coordinated movement of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex during running: A literature review, Gait Posture, 10, 30, 10.1016/S0966-6362(99)00025-9 · DOI
  19. Tong, 2008, The effect of inspiratory muscle training on high-intensity, intermittent running performance to exhaustion, Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 33, 671, 10.1139/H08-050 · DOI
  20. Tong, 2010, Chronic and acute inspiratory muscle loading augment the effect of a 6-week interval program on tolerance of high-intensity intermittent bouts of running, J Strength Cond Res, 24, 3041, 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf033b · DOI
  21. Tong, 2014, Sport-specific endurance plank test for evaluation of global core muscle function, Phys Ther Sport, 15, 56, 10.1016/j.ptsp.2013.03.003 · DOI
  22. Tong, 2014, The occurrence of core muscle fatigue during high-intensity running exercise and its limitation to performance: The role of respiratory work, J Sports Sci Med, 13, 244
  23. Volianitis, 2001, Inspiratory muscle training improves rowing performance, Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33, 803, 10.1097/00005768-200105000-00020 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Willson, 2005, Core stability and its relationship to lower extremity function and injury, J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 13, 316, 10.5435/00124635-200509000-00005 · DOI

Cited by

See all 44

Metadata

Authors
Tong, T. K., McConnell, A. K., Lin, H., Nie, J., Zhang, H., & Wang, J.
Venue
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Published
2016-10
Volume
30
Issue
10
Pages
2942-2951
ISSN
1064-8011
Cited by
44
References
2
Language
en

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.