Trunk muscle activation during dynamic weight-training exercises and isometric instability activities

Hamlyn, Nicolle; Behm, David G.; Young, Warren B.

doi:10.1519/r-20366.1

Cited by 156Muscle activation and electromyography studiesSports Performance and TrainingLower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies

Trunk muscle activation during dynamic weight-training exercises and isometric instability activities

Hamlyn, Nicolle, Behm, David G., Young, Warren B.·2007·The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

DOI 10.1519/r-20366.1

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of activation in various trunk muscles during dynamic weight-training and isometric instability exercises. Sixteen subjects performed squats and deadlifts with 80% 1 repetition maximum (1RM), as well as with body weight as resistance and 2 unstable calisthenic-type exercises (superman and sidebridge). Electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured from the lower abdominals (LA), external obliques (EO), upper lumbar erector spinae (ULES), and lumbar-sacral erector spinae (LSES) muscle groups. Results indicated that the LSES EMG activity during the 80% 1RM squat significantly exceeded 80% 1RM deadlift LSES EMG activity by 34.5%. The LSES EMG activity of the 80% 1RM squat also exceeded the body weight squat, deadlift, superman, and sidebridge by 56, 56.6, 65.5, and 53.1%, respectively. The 80% 1RM deadlift ULES EMG activity significantly exceeded the 80% 1RM squat exercise by 12.9%. In addition, the 80% 1RM deadlift ULES EMG activity also exceeded the body weight squat, deadlift, superman, and sidebridge exercises by 66.7, 65.5, 69.3, and 68.6%, respectively. There were no significant changes in EO or LA activity. Therefore, the augmented activity of the LSES and ULES during 80% 1RM squat and deadlift resistance exercises exceeded the activation levels achieved with the same exercises performed with body weight and selected instability exercises. Individuals performing upright, resisted, dynamic exercises can achieve high trunk muscle activation and thus may not need to add instability device exercises to augment core stability training.

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High compressive loads in the tibiofemoral joint can worsen osteoarthritis by increasing stress/strain on internal structures (e.g., articular cartilage and menisci).
“High compressive loads in the tibiofemoral joint can worsen osteoarthritis by increasing stress/strain on internal structures (e.g., articular cartilage and menisci).65,66”
From A Biomechanical Review of the Squat Exercise: Implications for Clinical Practice. (2024) · cites this paper as [66]

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Authors: Hamlyn, N., Behm, D. G., & Young, W. B.
Affiliations: Memorial University of Newfoundland (CA)
Federation University (AU)
ORCID: Behm, David G.
Young, Warren B.
Venue: The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2007
Volume: 21
Issue: 4
Pages: 1108
ISSN: 1064-8011 (ISSN-L)
1533-4287
DOI: 10.1519/r-20366.1
OpenAlex: W1989955657
Cited by: 156
References: 20
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 3.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Keywords: trunk muscle activity, weight training, core stability, squatting, deadlift, Superman, external oblique, electromyography, resistance training
MeSH terms: Abdominal Muscles, Adult, Electromyography, Female, Humans, Lumbosacral Region, Male, Physical Education and Training, Sacrococcygeal Region, Weight Lifting, Exercise

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Trunk muscle activation during dynamic weight-training exercises and isometric instability activities

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