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The Five-Factor Model of Personality and Its Relevance to Personality Disorders
Abstract
The five-factor model is a dimensional representation of personality structure that has recently gained widespread acceptance among personality psychologists. This article describes the five factors (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness); summarizes evidence on their consensual validity, comprehensiveness, universality, heritability, and longitudinal stability; and reviews several approaches to the assessment of the factors and their defining traits. In research, measures of the five factors can be used to analyze personality disorder scales and to profile the traits of personality-disordered patient groups; findings may be useful in diagnosing individuals. As an alternative to the current categorical system for diagnosing personality disorders, it is proposed that Axis II be used for the description of personality in terms of the five factors and for the diagnosis of personality-related problems in affective, interpersonal, experiential, attitudinal, and motivational areas.
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Citations
Cites
Trait-names: A psycho-lexical study.
Allport, G. W., & Odbert, H. S. (1936) · Psychological Monographs · doi:10.1037/h0093360 · Cited by 2,018
Cited by
On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141 · Cited by 11,567
A contrarian view of the five-factor approach to personality description.
Block, J. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.187 · Cited by 1,682
Study, L. C., Okbay, A., Baselmans, B. M. L., De Neve, J.-E., Turley, P., Nivard, M. G., Fontana, M. A., Meddens, S. F. W., Linnér, R. K., Rietveld, C. A., et al. (2016) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3552 · Cited by 1,013
The five-factor model and personality disorder empirical literature: A meta-analytic review
Saulsman, L. M., & Page, A. C. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2002.09.001 · Cited by 915
John, O. P., Caspi, A., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1994) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00742.x · Cited by 460
Metadata
- Authors
- Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality Disorders
- Publisher
- Guilford Publications
- Published
- 1992-12
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 343-359
- ISSN
- 0885-579X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091994826
- Cited by
- 1,274
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 7.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). The Five-Factor Model of Personality and Its Relevance to Personality Disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1992.6.4.343
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
