The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Task-Dependent Changes in Short-Term Memory in the Prefrontal Cortex
Open accessAbstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is important for flexible, context-dependent behavioral control. It also plays a critical role in short-term memory maintenance. Though many studies have investigated these functions independently, it is unclear how these two very different processes are realized by a single brain area. To address this, we trained two monkeys on two variants of an object sequence memory task. These tasks had the same memory requirements but differed in how information was read out and used. For the “recognition” task, the monkeys had to remember two sequentially presented objects and then release a bar when a matching sequence was recognized. For the “recall” task, the monkeys had to remember the same sequence of objects but were instead required to recall the sequence and reproduce it with saccadic eye movements when presented with an array of objects. After training, we recorded the activity of PFC neurons during task performance. We recorded 222 neurons during the recognition task, 177 neurons during the recall task, and 248 neurons during the switching task (interleaved blocks of recognition and recall). Task context had a profound influence on neural selectivity for objects. During the recall task, the first object was encoded more strongly than the second object, while during the recognition task, the second object was encoded more strongly. In addition, most of the neurons encoded both the task and the objects, evidence for a single population responsible for these two critical prefrontal functions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Some of these accessory memory items are also coded with persistent activity in the medial temporal lobe (Kornblith et al., 2017) and prefrontal cortex (Warden and Miller, 2010).”
From Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis (2020) · cites this paper as Warden and Miller, 2010
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An Integrative Theory of Prefrontal Cortex Function
Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. (2001) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.167 · Cited by 12,803
Self-citationShort-term retention of individual verbal items.
Peterson, L., & Peterson, M. J. (1959) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0049234 · Cited by 2,939
Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Funahashi, S., Bruce, C. J., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1989) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1989.61.2.331 · Cited by 2,685
Neuron Activity Related to Short-Term Memory
Fuster, J. M., & Alexander, G. E. (1971) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.173.3997.652 · Cited by 2,085
Neural Mechanisms of Visual Working Memory in Prefrontal Cortex of the Macaque
Miller, E. K., Erickson, C. A., & Desimone, R. (1996) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-16-05154.1996 · Cited by 1,474
Self-citationSome Tests of the Decay Theory of Immediate Memory
Brown, J. L. (1958) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470215808416249 · Cited by 1,442
Dissociation of Object and Spatial Processing Domains in Primate Prefrontal Cortex
Wilson, F. A. W., Scalaidhe, S. P., & Goldman, P. S. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8316836 · Cited by 1,408
Single neurons in prefrontal cortex encode abstract rules
Wallis, J. D., Anderson, K. C., & Miller, E. K. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35082081 · Cited by 1,075
Self-citationNeuronal correlate of pictorial short-term memory in the primate temporal cortexYasushi Miyashita
Miyashita, Y., & Chang, H. S. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/331068a0 · Cited by 880
Integration of What and Where in the Primate Prefrontal Cortex
Rao, S. C., Rainer, G., & Miller, E. K. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.276.5313.821 · Cited by 877
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory
D'Esposito, M., & Postle, B. R. (2015) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015031 · Cited by 1,653
The importance of mixed selectivity in complex cognitive tasks
Rigotti, M., Barak, O., Warden, M. R., Wang, X.-J., Daw, N. D., Miller, E. K., & Fusi, S. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12160 · Cited by 1,639
Self-citationConscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis
Mashour, G. A., Roelfsema, P., Changeux, J.-P., & Dehaene, S. (2020) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.026 · Cited by 1,164
Miller, E. K., Lundqvist, M., & Bastos, A. M. (2018) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.023 · Cited by 797
Self-citationDifferent states in visual working memory: when it guides attention and when it does not
Olivers, C. N. L., Peters, J. C., Houtkamp, R., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.05.004 · Cited by 728
Metadata
- Authors
- Warden, M. R., & Miller, E. K.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Miller, Earl K.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2010-11-24
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 47
- Pages
- 15801-15810
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC3082458
- OpenAlex
- W1986268014
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ns035145-15)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01-NS035145)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- prefrontal cortex, short-term memory, task context, memory encoding, recognition memory, recall memory, saccades, task switching, single-unit recording, monkeys, behavioral flexibility
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Eye Movements, Female, Macaca mulatta, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Prefrontal Cortex, Recognition, Psychology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
