Vesicular Neurotransmitter Transporter Expression in Developing Postnatal Rodent Retina: GABA and Glycine Precede Glutamate
Open accessAbstract
Vesicular transporters regulate the amount and type of neurotransmitter sequestered into synaptic vesicles and, hence, the kind of signal transmitted to postsynaptic neurons. Glutamate is the prominent excitatory neurotransmitter in retina; GABA and glycine are the main inhibitory neurotransmitters. Little is known about the ontogeny of vesicular neurotransmission in retina. We investigated expression of glutamatergic [vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1)] and GABA/glycinergic [vesicular GABA/glycine transporter (VGAT)] vesicular transporters in postnatal retina. VGLUT1 labels glutamatergic synapses. VGLUT1 and synaptic vesicle 2 colocalized to photoreceptor terminals. VGLUT1 colocalized with PKC to rod bipolar terminals and to ON bipolar terminals in metabotropic glutamate receptor 6+/- mice. Developmentally, VGAT expression precedes VGLUT1. In rat and mouse retina, VGAT occurred in the inner retina by postnatal day 1 (P1). In rat retina, VGLUT1 was in the outer retina by P5-P7 and the inner retina by P7. In the mouse retina, VGLUT1 expression was in the outer retina by P3 and the inner retina by P5. Both rat and mouse retina had an adult pattern of VGLUT1 expression by P14. VGLUT1 expression precedes ribbon synapses, which are first observed in the inner retina at P11 (Fisher, 1979) in mouse and P13 (Horsburgh and Sefton, 1987) in rat. The ribbon synapse marker RIBEYE was not detected in inner retina of P5 or P7 rat. Spontaneous EPSCs in mouse ganglion cells were recorded as early as P7. Together, these findings indicate that vesicular GABA and glycine transmission precedes vesicular glutamate transmission in developing rodent retina. Furthermore, vesicular glutamate transmission likely occurs before ribbon synapse formation in the inner retina.
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VGLUT-1 is a presynaptic protein expressed at bipolar ribbon synapses.
“We examined changes in endogenous vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT-1), a presynaptic protein expressed at bipolar ribbon synapses [37], and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in the inner plexiform layer, where RGC dendrites are located.”
From AMPK hyperactivation promotes dendrite retraction, synaptic loss, and neuronal dysfunction in glaucoma (2021) · cites this paper as [37]
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- Authors
- Johnson, J., Tian, N., Caywood, M. S., Reimer, R. J., Edwards, R. H., & Copenhagen, D. R.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2003-01-15
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 518-529
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6741860
- OpenAlex
- W1545065700
- Cited by
- 197
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 3.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Research to Prevent Blindness
- That Man May See
- National Institutes of Health
- National Eye Institute (R01EY001869)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- VGLUT1, vesicular GABA transporter, glutamatergic synapses, GABAergic synapses, photoreceptor terminals, rod bipolar cells, ON bipolar cells, mGluR6, protein kinase C, ribeye, spontaneous EPSCs, retinal ganglion cells
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Animals, Carrier Proteins, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Glycine, Heterozygote, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Mutant Strains, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurons, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Presynaptic Terminals, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Glutamic Acid, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Rats, Long-Evans, Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate, Membrane Transport Proteins, Organic Anion Transporters, Vesicular Transport Proteins, GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1, Mice, Rats, In Vitro Techniques
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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