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Cited by 217Microtubule and mitosis dynamicsMitochondrial Function and PathologyAutophagy in Disease and Therapy

Drosophila Miro Is Required for Both Anterograde and Retrograde Axonal Mitochondrial Transport

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Russo, Gary J., Louie, Kathryn, Wellington, Andrea, Macleod, Greg T., Hu, Fangle, Panchumarthi, Sarvari, Zinsmaier, Konrad E.·2009·The Journal of Neuroscience
DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.5417-08.2009PMC PMC2693725
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Abstract

Microtubule-based transport of mitochondria into dendrites and axons is vital for sustaining neuronal function. Transport along microtubule tracks proceeds in a series of plus and minus end-directed movements that are facilitated by kinesin and dynein motors. How the opposing movements are controlled to achieve effective transport over large distances remains unclear. Previous studies showed that the conserved mitochondrial GTPase Miro is required for mitochondrial transport into axons and dendrites and serves as a Ca 2+sensor that controls mitochondrial mobility. To directly examine Miro's significance for kinesin- and/or dynein-mediated mitochondrial motility, we live-imaged movements of GFP-tagged mitochondria in larval Drosophila motor axons upon genetic manipulations of Miro. Loss of Drosophila Miro (dMiro) reduced the effectiveness of both anterograde and retrograde mitochondrial transport by selectively impairing kinesin- or dynein-mediated movements, depending on the direction of net transport. Net anterogradely transported mitochondria exhibited reduced kinesin- but normal dynein-mediated movements. Net retrogradely transported mitochondria exhibited much shorter dynein-mediated movements, whereas kinesin-mediated movements were minimally affected. In both cases, the duration of short stationary phases increased proportionally. Overexpression (OE) of dMiro also impaired the effectiveness of mitochondrial transport. Finally, loss and OE of dMiro altered the length of mitochondria in axons through a mechanistically separate pathway. We suggest that dMiro promotes effective antero- and retrograde mitochondrial transport by extending the processivity of kinesin and dynein motors according to a mitochondrion's programmed direction of transport.

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  • Ca2+ is a key regulator of mitochondria motility and docking.

    “it has been largely described that Ca2+ is a key regulator of mitochondria motility and docking44–49,107.”

    From CYFIP1 governs the development of cortical axons by modulating calcium availability (2025) · cites this paper as [46]

    The Introduction states that Ca2+ binding by Miro arrests bidirectional mitochondrial movement, supporting regulation of motility. It does not establish that Ca2+ regulates mitochondrial docking; the References list a separate study of docking by syntaphilin. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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Cited by

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Authors
Russo, G. J., Louie, K., Wellington, A., Macleod, G. T., Hu, F., Panchumarthi, S., & Zinsmaier, K. E.
Affiliations
University of Arizona (US)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher
Society for Neuroscience
Published
2009-04-29
Volume
29
Issue
17
Pages
5443-5455
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
DOI
10.1523/jneurosci.5417-08.2009
PMC
PMC2693725
OpenAlex
W1977966828
Cited by
217
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 14
FWCI
6.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Aging (T32AG007434)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS052664)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
Keywords
Miro, mitochondrial transport, anterograde transport, retrograde transport, kinesin, dynein, motor processivity, axons, dendrites, motor axons, mitochondrial GTPase, calcium sensor, mitochondrial motility, Drosophila
MeSH terms
Animals, Axons, Axonal Transport, Drosophila, Dyneins, Mitochondria, Kinesins, rho GTP-Binding Proteins, Mitochondrial Proteins, Drosophila Proteins, Animals, Genetically Modified

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