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Way and BywayTaoism, Local Religion, and Models of Divinity in Sung and Modern China
Abstract
Using a combination of newly mined Sung sources and modern ethnography, this book addresses questions that have perplexed China scholars in recent years. Were Chinese gods celestial officials, governing the fate and fortunes of their worshippers as China's own bureaucracy governed their worldly lives? Or were they personal beings, patrons or parents or guardians, offering protection in exchange for reverence and sacrifice? To answer these questions the author examines the professional exorcist sects and rising Immortals' cults of the Sung dynasty alongside ritual practices in contemporary Taiwan and Hong Kong, as well as miracle tales, liturgies, spirit law codes, devotional poetry, and sacred geographies of the eleventh through thirteenth centuries. Drawing upon historical and anthropological evidence, he argues that two contrasting and contending models informed how the Chinese saw and see their gods. These models were used separately or in creative combination to articulate widely varying religious standpoints and competing ideas of both secular and divine power. Whether gods were bureaucrats or personal protectors depended, and still depends, he says, on who worships them, in what setting, and for what purposes.
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“the southern Sung period provides another model of divinity in which deities 'are not, for their worshippers, simply in the region: they are of it' (Hymes 2002: 169).”
From Conceptualizing Gods through Statues: A Study of Personification and Localization in Taiwan (2008) · cites this paper as Hymes 2002: 169
In the citing paper
“Hymes argues that two models of divinity have evolved since the southern Sung: the bureaucratic and the personal.”
From Conceptualizing Gods through Statues: A Study of Personification and Localization in Taiwan (2008) · cites this paper as Hymes 2002
In the citing paper
“In short, the divine world is a perfect mirror of whatever the social arrangement of the participants happens to be.”
From Critical approaches to religion in China (2013) · cites this paper as Hymes, 2002: 1
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Untitled work
Feuchtwang, S. (2016) · Social Analysis: The International Journal of Social and Cultural Practice
Metadata
- Authors
- Hymes, R.
- Corresponding author
- Hymes, Robert
- Venue
- University of California Press eBooks
- Publisher
- University of California Press
- Published
- 2002-05-21
- OpenAlex
- W3153025492
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.48
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- University of California Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Chinese history and philosophy
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Study and Philosophy of Religion
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Indian and Buddhist Studies
- Keywords
- Daoism, Song dynasty, ritual, miracle narratives, devotional poetry, sacred geography, Taiwan, Hong Kong
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