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The economic costs of mental disorders: Do our societies react appropriately to the burden of mental disorders?
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“which lead to further health burdens, reduced global functioning and greater expenses.12–14”
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“5 trillion and it is expected that these costs will duplicate by 2030 (Trautmann et al., 2016) which emphasizes the need to develop new therapies.”
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“concluded that the stress of financial burden acts as a precipitating factor for psychiatric illness.[27] Our study findings of an association between treatment expenses and psychiatric disorder also lead to a similar conclusion [Table 6].”
ResultThe Multi-Sites Trial on the Effects of Therapeutic Gardening on Mental Health and Well-Being
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“…disorders—including anxiety disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and substance use disor-ders—pose a significant global burden to public health (US Burden of Disease Collaborators 2018) and cost the economy trillions of dollars annually (Trautmann et al. 2016).”
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“Consequently, economic costs associated with mental disorders and disease are generally distinguished between direct and indirect costs (Trautmann et al., 2016).”
BackgroundInclusion, autism spectrum, students’ experiences
Holmes, S. C. (2022) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2022.2056403 · Cited by 44
“Untreated mental health concerns account for higher economic costs to the American economy than cancer or diabetes (Trautmann et al. 2016).”
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“Mental illness has negative consequences on personal, social, physical, and economic outcomes (Sickel, Seacat, & Nabors, 2016; Trautmann, Rehm, & Wittchen, 2016).”
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Residential Surrounding Greenspace and Mental Health in Three Spanish Areas
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“A new Lancet Commission report on mental health reported a rise of mental disorders in every country in the world, resulting in a global economic cost of $16 trillion by 2030 [6].”
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“human capital loss) resulting from mental disorders also results in enormous disadvantages to societal development(4).”
BackgroundAutomated Assessment of Psychiatric Disorders Using Speech: A Systematic ReviewPreprint
Low, D. M., Bentley, K. H., & Ghosh, S. (2019) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/5pwze · Cited by 30
Khosravi, M., & Azar, G. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076241247983 · Cited by 30
Yaro, P. B., Asampong, E., Tabong, P. T., Anaba, S. A., Azuure, S. S., Dokurugu, A. Y., & Nantogmah, F. A. (2020) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764020918284 · Cited by 24
“An earlier study has found that economic costs of mental illness are as high as those caused by infections and chronic somatic conditions (Trautmann et al., 2016).”
BackgroundPrenatal metal mixtures and sex-specific infant negative affectivity
Cowell, W., Colicino, E., Levin‐Schwartz, Y., Enlow, M. B., Amarasiriwardena, C. J., Andra, S. S., Gennings, C., Wright, R. O., & Wright, R. J. (2021) · Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ee9.0000000000000147 · Cited by 30
Meade, E., Hehir, S., Rowan, N. J., & Garvey, M. (2022) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof8030290 · Cited by 29
“The direct economic burden mental illness relates to diagnosis, treatment, or hospitalisation costs with indirect costs associated with the impact on economic growth including loss of income due to disability, absence from work and cost of additional care [6].”
BackgroundThe cost of mental disorders in Denmark: a register-based study
Christensen, M. K., McGrath, J. J., Momen, N. C., Whiteford, H., Weye, N., Agerbo, E., Pedersen, C. B., Mortensen, P. B., Plana‐Ripoll, O., & Iburg, K. M. (2022) · npj Mental Health Research · doi:10.1038/s44184-022-00001-y · Cited by 24
Carpini, J. A., Sharma, A., Evans, M. K., Jumani, S., Boyne, E., Clifford, R. M., & Ashoorian, D. M. (2022) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13361 · Cited by 24
“…a variety of negative personal and societal consequences (Carpini, 2021) including comorbid physical illnesses (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2020), diminished quality of life perceptions (Lombardo et al., 2018) and decreased workforce participation rates (Trautmann et al., 2016).”
BackgroundTan, G. T. H., Shahwan, S., Goh, C. M. J., Ong, W. J., Samari, E., Abdin, E., Kwok, K. W., Chong, S. A., & Subramaniam, M. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035818 · Cited by 27
Home Alone: Implications of COVID-19 for Mental Health
Paudel, J. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114259 · Cited by 25
Shmulewitz, D., Levitin, M. D., Skvirsky, V., Vider, M., Eliashar, R., Mikulincer, M., & Lev‐Ran, S. (2024) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291724002794 · Cited by 28
Brino, K. A. S. (2020) · Journal of Pediatric Health Care · doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2019.09.013 · Cited by 25
Religious congregations: An important vehicle for alleviating human suffering and fostering wellness
Hodge, D. R. (2020) · Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work Social Thought · doi:10.1080/15426432.2020.1728604 · Cited by 23
“In the US, 201 billion USD are spent on mental health disorders each year (Roehrig, 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialZhang, C. J. P., Wu, H., He, Z., Chan, N., Huang, J. V., Wang, H., Yin, Z., Akinwunmi, B. O., & Ming, W. (2020) · Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1176/appi.prcp.20200019 · Cited by 27
Cognitive Triad and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Specificity and Overlap
Marchetti, I., & Pössel, P. (2022) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-022-01323-w · Cited by 36
“Affecting about 350 million people worldwide, depression is responsible for a large proportion of the burden of disease [1] and represents a main source of total disability adjusted life years [2].”
BackgroundZhang, Y., Chinchilli, V. M., Ssentongo, P., & Ba, D. M. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079267 · Cited by 23
“37”
Alhuwail, D., Albaj, R., Ahmad, F., & Aldakheel, K. (2019) · International Journal of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2019.104056 · Cited by 23
Terhorst, Y., Knauer, J., Philippi, P., & Baumeister, H. (2024) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/51875 · Cited by 23
Does Depression Mediate the Effect of Work Organization Conditions on Job Performance?
Parent‐Lamarche, A., Marchand, A., & Saade, S. (2020) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000001822 · Cited by 24
“Indirect costs comprise income losses due to mortality, disability, and care seeking, including loss of work productivity.(3) Based on 2010 data, the global direct and indirect economic costs of mental disorders, including depression, were estimated at US$ 2.”
BackgroundInfluentialMobile applications for mental health self-care: A scoping review
Ahmed, A., Ali, N., Giannicchi, A., Abd-Alrazaq, A. A., Ahmed, M. A., Aziz, S., & Househ, M. S. (2021) · Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Update · doi:10.1016/j.cmpbup.2021.100041 · Cited by 22
Rodrigues, J. E., Martinho, A., Santa, C., Madeira, N. G. G. F., Coroa, M., Santos, V., Martins, M. J., Pato, C. N., Macedo, A., & Manadas, B. J. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23094917 · Cited by 22
Greenness and job-related chronic stress in young adults: a prospective cohort study in Germany
Herrera, R., Markevych, I., Berger, U., Genuneit, J., Gerlich, J., Nowak, D., Schlotz, W., Vogelberg, C., von Mutius, E., Weinmayr, G., et al. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021599 · Cited by 24
“6 Psychological distress has been identified as an essential public health and economic problem in large cities because it leads to work absence, lower productivity or early retirement.(7) Susceptible populations like students and young adults in transition from school to job/university life reported strengths and lim…”
Sargin, D., Chottekalapanda, R. U., Perit, K. E., Yao, V., Chu, D. T., Sparks, D. W., Kalik, S., Power, S. K., Troyanskaya, O. G., Schmidt, E. F., et al. (2019) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0473-6 · Cited by 23
“In fact, such disturbances are considered some of the core symptoms of depression [7, 8], and account for a high proportion of the disability as well as personal and societal costs arising from mood and anxiety disorders [9].”
Pereira, G. R. C., Tavares, G. D. B., de Freitas, M. C., & Mesquita, J. F. D. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0229730 · Cited by 22
“Psychiatric disorders (PD) are considered a major public health problem worldwide [1].”
BackgroundOpie, R., Ball, K., Abbott, G., Crawford, D. A., Teychenne, M. J., & McNaughton, S. A. (2020) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-020-00540-0 · Cited by 23
“5 trillion annually [6], which includes direct costs associated with diagnosis and treatment in the healthcare system, and indirect costs associated with income loss, lost productivity and labour force participation [5, 6].”
BackgroundFrançois, J., Audrain‐Pontevia, A., Boudhraâ, S., & Vial, S. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/48182 · Cited by 23
“The global economic burden of mental health disorders is expected to rise to US $8.5 trillion in 2030 [10].”
InfluentialPurgato, M., Abdulmalik, J. O., Prina, E., Ceccarelli, C., Tol, W. A., van Ginneken, N., Uphoff, E., Papola, D., Amaddeo, F., Churchill, R. C., et al. (2021) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd014722 · Cited by 21
Strengthening Response Toward Promoting Mental Health in India: A Narrative Review
Dhyani, A., Gaidhane, A. M., Choudhari, S. G., Dave, S., & Choudhary, S. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.30435 · Cited by 21
“In addition, the amended National Mental Health Policy of India and the draft National Health Policy of 2015 were announced in 2014 [13].”
BackgroundScaling-up problem management plus for refugees in Switzerland - a qualitative study
Spaaij, J., Fuhr, D. C., Akhtar, A., Casanova, L., Klein, T., Schick, M., Weilenmann, S., Roberts, B., & Morina, N. (2023) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-023-09491-8 · Cited by 28
“In consequence, chronic mental health conditions may also result in greater economic and social burdens for the host nation [29].”
BackgroundJames, A. A., & O’Shaughnessy, K. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Toxicology · doi:10.3389/ftox.2023.1290119 · Cited by 24
“Mental health outcomes could also be included in policy and regulatory cumulative impact/risk frameworks, especially given their potential economic burden (Torio et al., 2015; Trautmann et al., 2016; Tkacz and Brady, 2021).”
BackgroundChurch, D., Stapleton, P., & Sabot, D. (2020) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/18545 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Trautmann, S., Rehm, J., & Wittchen, H.
- Affiliations
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- Venue
- The EMBO Reports
- Published
- 2016-08-04
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1245-1249
- ISSN
- 1469-221X (ISSN-L)
- 1469-3178
- PMC
- PMC5007565
- OpenAlex
- W2502966081
- Cited by
- 798
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 72 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 110 · 2022: 103 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 101 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 50.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- EMBO Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Keywords
- mental illness, economic costs, treatment costs, productivity loss, health care costs, mental health policy
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Humans, Societies, Statistics as Topic, United States, Cost of Illness
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