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Cited by 491Neurobiology and Insect Physiology ResearchGenetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model OrganismsDevelopmental Biology and Gene Regulation

Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive Tract of Drosophila melanogaster

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Miguel-Aliaga, Irene, Jasper, Heinrich, Lemaitre, Bruno·2018·Genetics
DOI 10.1534/genetics.118.300224PMC PMC6216580
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Abstract

The gastrointestinal tract has recently come to the forefront of multiple research fields. It is now recognized as a major source of signals modulating food intake, insulin secretion and energy balance. It is also a key player in immunity and, through its interaction with microbiota, can shape our physiology and behavior in complex and sometimes unexpected ways. The insect intestine had remained, by comparison, relatively unexplored until the identification of adult somatic stem cells in the Drosophila intestine over a decade ago. Since then, a growing scientific community has exploited the genetic amenability of this insect organ in powerful and creative ways. By doing so, we have shed light on a broad range of biological questions revolving around stem cells and their niches, interorgan signaling and immunity. Despite their relatively recent discovery, some of the mechanisms active in the intestine of flies have already been shown to be more widely applicable to other gastrointestinal systems, and may therefore become relevant in the context of human pathologies such as gastrointestinal cancers, aging, or obesity. This review summarizes our current knowledge of both the formation and function of the Drosophila melanogaster digestive tract, with a major focus on its main digestive/absorptive portion: the strikingly adaptable adult midgut.

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  • Drosophila enterocytes secrete a mix of digestive enzymes that can digest triacylglycerides and the whole range of sizes of proteins and carbohydrates from macromolecules to monomers.

    “Enterocytes of Drosophila secrete a mix of digestive enzymes that, in contrast to vertebrates, can digest triacylglycerides and the whole range of sizes of proteins and carbohydrates from macromolecules to monomers (Miguel-Aliaga et al. 2018).”

    From A non-bilaterian perspective on the development and evolution of animal digestive systems (2019) · cites this paper as Miguel-Aliaga et al. 2018

    The 'Digestion and absorption' section describes enzymes for carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, including an intestinal lipase implicated in triacylglyceride breakdown. It does not establish that enterocytes secrete enzymes that digest the entire range from macromolecules to monomers, or that this digestive capacity contrasts with vertebrates; its vertebrate comparison concerns lipid emulsification. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Miguel-Aliaga, I., Jasper, H., & Lemaitre, B.
Affiliations
  • Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
  • Buck Institute for Research on Aging (US)
  • Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
ORCID
Jasper, Heinrich
Venue
Genetics
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2018-10-01
Volume
210
Issue
2
Pages
357-396
ISSN
  • 0016-6731 (ISSN-L)
  • 1943-2631
DOI
10.1534/genetics.118.300224
PMC
PMC6216580
OpenAlex
W2895124934
Cited by
491
References
431
Citations by year
2026: 61 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 3
FWCI
5.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Locations
  • Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (3100A0)
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Directorate for Biological Sciences
  • Medical Research Council
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/N000528/1)
  • National Institute on Aging (R01AG050104, R01AG047497)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM117412)
  • H2020 European Research Council (787470)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Keywords
Drosophila melanogaster, gastrointestinal tract, midgut, adult stem cells, stem cell niche, intestinal immunity, microbiota, dietary intake, insulin secretion, energy balance, gastrointestinal cancer, aging, obesity
MeSH terms
Animals, Drosophila melanogaster, Morphogenesis, Gastrointestinal Tract

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