CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 723Lignin and Wood ChemistryBiofuel production and bioconversionWood Treatment and Properties

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 97 of the 102 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Challenges in industrial applications of technical lignins

Open access
Vishtal, Alexey, Kraslawski, Andrzej·2011·BioResources
DOI 10.15376/biores.6.3.3547-3568
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The primary aim of modern biorefineries is the efficient conversion of lignocellulosic materials into valuable products. Sugars and oils can be converted into valuable chemicals, but processing of lignin is still a challenge. A vast amount of lignin is incinerated to produce process steam and energy, and only a very small part is used for the production of value-added products. Technical lignins are isolated as by-streams in lignocellulosic refineries, e.g., as kraft, soda, organosolv, and hydrolysis lignins, as well as lignosulphonates. They have a modified structure and contain impurities that are dependent on the processing method. The structure and the composition of technical lignins restrict their subsequent applications. This paper reviews limiting factors in utilization of technical lignins. Four major classes of problems are identified, and approaches to overcoming these problems are suggested.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.15376/biores.6.3.3547-3568

Cites

97 of 97 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 102 references

Research works printed but not linked: 20

  1. Areskogh, D., and Henriksson, G. (2011). "Immobilisation of laccase for polymerization of commercial lignosulphonates," Process Biochemistry, Article in Press.
  2. Areskogh, D., Li, J., Gellerstedt, G., and Henriksson, G. (2010). "Structural modification of commercial lignosulphonate through laccase catalysis and ozonolysis," Industrial Crops and Products 32(3), 458-466.
  3. Argyropoulus, D. S., Sun, Y., and Paluš, E. (2002). "Isolation of kraft residual kraft lignin in high yield and purity," Journal of Pulp and Paper Science 28(2), 50-54.
  4. Baurhoo, B., Ruiz-Feria, C. A., and Zhao, X. (2008). "Purified lignin: Nutritional and health impact on farm animals -A review," Animal Feed Science and Technology 144(3), 175-184.
  5. Beigi, M. A. A. Teymouri, M., Eslami, M., and Farazmand, M. (1999). "Determination of tracesulphur in organic compounds by activated Raney nickel desulphurization method with nondispersive gas detection system," Analyst 124(5), 767-770.
  6. Cheng, X. S., Liu, X. L., and Jin, Y. Q. (2007). "Study on EH lignin as a novel additive for polyurethane industry," Polyurethane Industry 22(6), 18-21.
  7. El Mansouri, N.-E., and Salvadó, J. (2006). "Structural characterization of technical lignins for the production of adhesives: Application to lignosulphonate, kraft, soda- anthraquinone, organosolv and ethanol process lignins," Industrial Crops and Products 24(1), 8-16.
  8. Fagerholm-Byman, H., Mikkola, P., Rosenholm, J. B., Lindén, E., and Carlsson, R. (1999). "The infuence of lignosulphonate on the properties of single and mixed Si 3 N 4 and ZrO 2 suspensions," Journal of the European Ceramic Society 19(1), 41-48.
  9. Felby, C., Olesen, P. O., and Hansen, T. T. (1998). "Laccase catalysed bonding of wood fiber," In: Enzymes in Fiber Processing, ACS Symposium Series 687, Washington, DC, 88-98.
  10. García, A., Toledano, A., Serrano, L., Egüés, M., Gonzaléz, M., Marín, F., and Labidi, J. (2009). "Characterization of lignin obtained by selective precipitation," Separation and Purification Technology 68(2), 193-198.
  11. Gonzalez-Garcia, S., Moreira, T. M., Artal, G., Maldonado, L., and Feijooa, G. (2010). "Environmental impact assessment of non-wood based pulp production by soda athraquinone pulping process," Journal of Cleaner Production 18(2), 137-145.
  12. Gosselink, R. J. A., de Jong, E., Abächerli, A., and Guran, B. (2005). "Activities and results of the thematic network EUROLIGNIN," In: Proceedings of the International Lignin Institute 7th Forum, Barcelona, 25-30.
  13. Grierson, L. H., Knight, J. C., and Maharaj, R. (2005). "The role of calcium ions and lignosulphonate plasticiser in thehydration of cement," Cement and Concrete Research 35(4), 631-636.
  14. Gullichsen, J., and Fogenholm, C.-J. (2000). "Chemical pulping," In: Gullichsen, J., and Paulapuro, H. (eds.), Papermaking Science and Technology, Book 6A. Chemical Pulping, Jyväskylä, Fapet Oy.
  15. Jöhnson, D. K., Bozell, J., Holladay, J. E., and White, J. F. (2005). "Use of lignin in the biorefinery," In: Proceedings of the International Lignin Institute 7th Forum, Barcelona, 31-34.
  16. Lebo, S. E., Gargulak, J. D., and Timothy, J. M. (2001). "Lignin," In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (4th ed.), John Wiley and Sons, New York.
  17. Lora, J. H., Creamer, A. W., Wu, C. F., and Goyal, G. C. (1993). "Industrial scale production of organosolv lignins; Characteristics and applications," In: Kennedy, J. F. (ed.), Cellulosics: Chemical, Biochemical and Material Aspects, Ellis Horwood Ltd, 251-256.
  18. Niemelä, K. (1990). "Low-molecular-weight organic compounds in birch kraft black liquor," Ph.D. Thesis, Helsinki University of Technology.
  19. Shulga, G., Soloddovniks, P., Shakels, V., and Anisckevicha, O. (2005). "New semi- interpenetrating polymer networks incorporating soluble lignin," Proceedings of the 7th ILI Forum-Barcelona , International Lignin Institute, Lausanne, 159-162.
  20. Zhang, L.-M. and Yin, D.-Y. (2002). "Preparation of a new lignosulphonate-based thinner: Introduction of ferrous ions," Colloids Surf. A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 210(1), 13-21.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 723

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Vishtal, A., & Kraslawski, A.
Affiliations
  • Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (FI)
  • Lappeenranta University of Technology
Venue
BioResources
Publisher
BioResources
Published
2011-06-07
Volume
6
Issue
3
Pages
3547-3568
ISSN
1930-2126 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.15376/biores.6.3.3547-3568
OpenAlex
W1487812062
Cited by
721
References
102
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 85 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 7
FWCI
10.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • BioResources (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Process Chemistry and Technology › Lignin and Wood Chemistry
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Wood Treatment and Properties
Keywords
technical lignin, lignin valorization, biorefinery, lignocellulosic biomass, kraft lignin, soda lignin, organosolv lignin, hydrolytic lignin, lignosulfonate, lignin structure, value-added products

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review