The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Predictors of Low Back Pain in British Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study
Abstract
Objective. To determine the onset of low back pain (LBP) in schoolchildren and to investigate the role of mechanical and psychosocial factors as risk factors for its onset. Methods. A prospective population-based cohort study was conducted of 1046 schoolchildren, aged 11 to 14 years at baseline, identified as being free of LBP, from 39 secondary schools in Northwest England. New onset of LBP at 1-year follow-up was measured. Results. Children who reported high levels of psychosocial difficulties were more likely to develop LBP than their peers (relative risk: 1.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.1–2.3). An excess risk was, in particular, associated with conduct problems (2.5; 1.7–3.7). Similarly, children who reported high numbers of somatic symptoms at baseline were at greater risk of developing LBP: abdominal pain (1.8; 1.1–3.0), headaches (1.6; 0.97–2.8), and sore throats (1.5; 0.8–2.6). In contrast, we have been unable to demonstrate a strong association between daily mechanical load (schoolbag weight) and the short-term risk of new-onset LBP (highest versus lowest quintile: 1.2; 0.7–2.1). Conclusions. In children who were initially free of LBP, adverse psychosocial factors and the presence of other preexisting somatic pain symptoms were predictive of future LBP, reflecting findings in adults. In contrast, there was little evidence of an increase in short-term risk associated with mechanical load across the range of weights commonly carried by children to school.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note
Goodman, R. (1997) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x · Cited by 14,908
Low back pain in schoolchildren: occurrence and characteristics
Watson, K. D., Papageorgiou, A. C., Jones, G. T., Taylor, S., Symmons, D. P. M., Silman, A. J., & Macfarlane, G. J. (2002) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00008-8 · Cited by 356
Self-citationPsychologic Distress and Low Back Pain: Evidence From a Prospective Study in the General Population
Croft, P. R., Papageorgiou, A. C., Ferry, S., Thomas, E., Jayson, M. I. V., & Silman, A. J. (1995) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199512150-00015 · Cited by 324
Self-citationThe epidemiology of low back pain in an adolescent population.
Olsen, T. L., Anderson, R. L., Dearwater, S. R., Kriska, A. M., Cauley, J. A., Aaron, D. J., & LaPorte, R. E. (1992) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.82.4.606 · Cited by 301
Low back pain in schoolchildren. An epidemiological study.
Balagué, F., Dutoit, G., & Waldburger, M. (1988) · PubMed · Cited by 278
Back pain in school children. A study among 1178 pupils.
Troussier, B., Davoine, P., De Gaudemaris, R., Fauconnier, J., & Phelip, X. (1994) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/165019771994263143146 · Cited by 268
Low Back Pain in Schoolchildren A Study of Familial and Psychological Factors
Balagué, F., Skovron, M.-L., Nordin, M., Dutoit, G., & Waldburger, M. (1995) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199506000-00012 · Cited by 266
Influence of Anthropometric Factors and Joint Laxity in the Incidence of Adolescent Back Pain
FAIRBANK, J. C. T., PYNSENT, P. B., VAN POORTVLIET, J. A., & PHILLIPS, H. (1984) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-198407000-00007 · Cited by 241
Salminen, J. J., Erkintalo (Tertti), M., Laine, M., & Pentti, J. (1995) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199510000-00006 · Cited by 194
Papageorgiou, A. C., Macfarlane, G. J., Thomas, E., Croft, P. R., Jayson, M. I. V., & Silman, A. J. (1997) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199705150-00014 · Cited by 194
Self-citation
Cited by
The Association Between Obesity and Low Back Pain: A Meta-Analysis
Shiri, R., Karppinen, J., Leino-Arjas, P., Solovieva, S., & Viikari-Juntura, E. (2010) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwp356 · Cited by 909
Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Scope, and Impact of Spinal Pain
Manchikanti, L. (2009) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2009/12/e35 · Cited by 721
Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain
McBeth, J., & Jones, K. (2007) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/j.berh.2007.03.003 · Cited by 602
Chapter 2 European guidelines for prevention in low back pain: November 2004
Burton, A. K., Balagué, F., Cardon, G., Eriksen, H. R., Henrotin, Y., Lahad, A., Leclerc, A., Müller, G., van der Beek, A. J., & On behalf of the COST B13 Working Group on Guidelines for Prevention in Low Back Pain (2006) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-006-1070-3 · Cited by 484
Prevalence of low back pain in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis
Calvo-Muñoz, I., Gómez-Conesa, A., & Sánchez-Meca, J. (2013) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2431-13-14 · Cited by 371
Metadata
- Authors
- Jones, G. T., Watson, K. D., Silman, A. J., Symmons, D. P. M., & Macfarlane, G. J.
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2003-04-01
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 822-828
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W2052298197
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 18
- FWCI
- 6.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Predictors of Low Back Pain in British Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1542/peds.111.4.822
- The paper
- Jones, G. T., Watson, K. D., Silman, A. J., Symmons, D. P. M., & Macfarlane, G. J. (2003). Predictors of Low Back Pain in British Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.4.822
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
