Cited by 142Child Abuse and TraumaIntimate Partner and Family ViolenceHomicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

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Parenting Attitudes and Infant Spanking: The Influence of Childhood Experiences

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Chung, Esther K., Mathew, Leny, Rothkopf, Amy C., Elo, Irma T., Coyne, James C., Culhane, Jennifer F.·2009·Pediatrics

DOI 10.1542/peds.2008-3247PMC PMC3760718

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To assess associations among maternal childhood experiences and subsequent parenting attitudes and use of infant spanking (IS), and determine if attitudes mediate the association between physical abuse exposure and IS. METHODS: We performed a prospective study of women who received prenatal care at community health centers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sociodemographic characteristics, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), attitudes toward corporal punishment (CP), and IS use were assessed via face-to-face interviews, conducted at the first prenatal care visit, 3 months postpartum, and 11 months postpartum. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 1265 mostly black, low-income women. Nineteen percent of the participants valued CP as a means of discipline, and 14% reported IS use. Mothers exposed to childhood physical abuse and verbal hostility were more likely to report IS use than those not exposed (16% vs 10%, P = .002; 17% vs 12%, P = .02, respectively). In the adjusted analyses, maternal exposure to physical abuse, other ACEs, and valuing CP were independently associated with IS use. Attitudes that value CP did not mediate these associations. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers who had childhood experiences of violence were more likely to use IS than mothers without such experiences. Intergenerational transmission of CP was evident. Mothers who had experienced physical abuse as a child, when compared to those who had not, were 1.5 times more likely to use IS. Child discipline attitudes and maternal childhood experiences should be discussed early in parenting in order to prevent IS use, particularly among at-risk mothers.

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Background
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VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES: SIGNIFICADOS E ATITUDES POR EQUIPES DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
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“…to greater parenting stress (Rowell & Neal-Barnett, 2022), negative parenting behaviors (Kolomeyer et al., 2016), harsh parenting attitudes (Treat et al., 2019), infant spanking (Chung et al., 2009), and higher acceptance of harmful parenting practices such as infant shaking (Clemens et al., 2020).”
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“, 2010), alcohol use (Altschul & Lee, 2011), marital status (Cappa & Khan, 2011), mother’s age, education level (Altschul & Lee, 2011; Cappa & Khan, 2011), and childhood experience of violence (Chung et al., 2009; Gagné, Tourigny, Joly, & Pouliot-Lapointe, 2007; Taylor et al., 2011).”
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“” Some parents spank frequently because they themselves were treated harshly as children and spanked themselves (Chung et al. 2009); others spank because their level of frustration does not allow them to utilize other techniques.”
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“Negative life experiences such as not getting enough warmth in childhood from parents can be transferred to the next generations through channels such as parental mental health and parental practices (Chung et al., 2009; Schicked-anzet al., 2018).”
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Transmission of Intergenerational Parenting Attitudes and Natural Mentorship: Associations Within the LONGSCAN population
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“Those who have experienced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more likely both to believe in the utility of CP as a valid disciplinary approach (e.g., Walker et al., 2022) and to engage in the use of CP and even child abuse (Chung et al., 2009 ; Shin et al., 2023).”
Approval of Parent-Child Aggression as a Mediator of Intergenerational Child Abuse Risk: An Evaluation of Racial Differences
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“Mothers with a greater personal history of physical punishment and verbal hostility are more likely to report spanking as their choice of discipline as well as beliefs that favor PCA use (Chung et al., 2009).”

Authors: Chung, E. K., Mathew, L., Rothkopf, A. C., Elo, I. T., Coyne, J. C., & Culhane, J. F.
Affiliations: Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children (US)
Drexel University (US)
University of Pennsylvania (US)
ORCID: Chung, Esther K.
Mathew, Leny
Rothkopf, Amy C.
Elo, Irma T.
Culhane, Jennifer F.
Venue: Pediatrics
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published: 2009-08-01
Volume: 124
Issue: 2
Pages: e278-e286
ISSN: 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
1098-4275
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-3247
PMC: PMC3760718
OpenAlex: W2130031838
Cited by: 142
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 2.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (TS-286-14/14)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD036462, 1-RO1-HD36462-01A1)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Keywords: corporal punishment, parenting attitudes, adverse childhood experiences, child physical abuse, verbal aggression, intergenerational transmission, maternal discipline, prenatal care, postpartum women
MeSH terms: Aggression, Attitude, Child Abuse, Child Rearing, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Infant, Mothers, Poverty, Pregnancy, Punishment, Risk Factors, Philadelphia, Parenting, Domestic Violence

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Parenting Attitudes and Infant Spanking: The Influence of Childhood Experiences

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