Obesity disparities among elementary-aged children: data from school-based BMI surveillance.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine 3-year trends and spatial clustering in the prevalence of obesity among elementary-aged children in Pennsylvania. METHODS: Height and weight were measured for ∼980 000 children between ages 5 and 12 years, corresponding to kindergarten through grade 6 in 3 consecutive school years (2006–2007, 2007–2008, 2008–2009). These data were obtained at the school district level and reported to the Pennsylvania Department of Health in response to a state mandate requiring public schools to conduct annual surveillance of student growth. Analyses at the school district level (n = 501) regarding obesity prevalence (BMI ≥ 95th percentile) according to age and gender were conducted to examine associations over time and in relation to population density, geographic boundaries, and a calculated family distress index. RESULTS: The mean prevalence of obesity remained stable over 3 years at ∼17.6% of elementary-aged children. However, within the state, significant differences in the prevalence of obesity were identified. Schools in the most rural areas had adjusted obesity prevalence over 2 percentage points higher than urban schools. Consistent with secular findings for the nation in general, students with families living in socioeconomic distress exhibited upward trends in obesity risk. CONCLUSIONS: School-based surveillance elucidates the disparate risk of obesity for younger students living in the most rural areas, a key finding for primarily rural states. Preventive interventions are needed to reach the most rural children with an emphasis on families where parents are single, are unemployed, have a lower income, and lower educational attainment.
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In an analysis of 2001-2010 NHANES data, racial differences in weight among US youth were explained entirely by social determinants including neighborhood factors.
“In an analysis of 2001–2010 NHANES data, racial differences in weight among US youth were explained entirely by social determinants including neighborhood factors.7”
From Differences in Obesity Prevalence by Demographics and Urbanization in US Children and Adolescents, 2013-2016 (2018) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Bailey-Davis, L., Horst, M., Hillemeier, M. M., & Lauter, A.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Lancaster General Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2012-12-01
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1102-1109
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W2139648571
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 3.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pennsylvania Department of Health
- Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Obesity and Health Practices
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- childhood obesity, obesity disparities, elementary school students, urban-rural differences, socioeconomic distress, obesity prevalence trends, spatial clustering, Pennsylvania
- MeSH terms
- Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Obesity, Pennsylvania, Population Surveillance, Poverty, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Statistics as Topic, Urban Population, Body Mass Index, Health Status Disparities
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