Changing policy and practice in the control of pediatric schistosomiasis
Open accessAbstract
Schistosomiasis is a chronic disease that affects ∼200 million people. The extended health impact of the disease has been estimated to exceed that of malaria or tuberculosis and to be nearer to that of HIV/AIDS. Within endemic areas, children carry the heaviest burden of infection. Infection/disease is controlled by the treatment of infected subjects with the anthelminthic drug praziquantel. Global initiatives from Partners of Parasite Control, including the World Health Organization (WHO), advocate regular school-based deworming strategies to reduce the development of severe morbidity, promote school-child health and development, and improve the cognitive potential of children. Until recently, preschool-aged children were excluded from schistosome treatment, creating a health inequity in affected populations. In 2010, the WHO updated their recommendations for the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-aged children (ie, children aged ≤5 years). This change was the culmination of several decades of research on schistosome epidemiology, immunology, and pathology in this age group. The recent development of a pediatric formulation of praziquantel (soon to enter clinical trials) should advance control efforts in preschool-aged children, with the goal of including these children in preventative chemotherapy (as currently occurs for soil-transmitted helminths). This review discusses the research work supporting the WHO revision of recommendations for treating preschool-aged children, as well as current barriers and knowledge gaps in pediatric schistosomiasis control.
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During the mass drug administration, only school children aged 6 years and above were treated, meaning that preschool children were excluded from MDA.
“During the MDA only school children aged 6 years and above are treated, meaning that preschool children are excluded from MDA, a health inequality we have previously highlighted [11].”
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Mutapi, F., Pfavayi, L., Osakunor, D., Lim, R., Kasambala, M., Mutemeri, A., Rusakaniko, S., Chibanda, D., & Mduluza, T. (2021) · PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009660 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“During the MDA only school children aged 6 years and above are treated, meaning that preschool children are excluded from MDA, a health inequality we have previously highlighted [11].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
- Authors
- Mutapi, F.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Mutapi, Francisca
- ORCID
- Mutapi, Francisca
- Venue
- PEDIATRICS
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2015-03-01
- Volume
- 135
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 536-544
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W2095619080
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 0.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (095831)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- University of Edinburgh
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Mollusks and Parasites Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Keywords
- pediatric schistosomiasis, schistosomiasis control, praziquantel, preschool children, WHO treatment recommendations, school-based deworming, preventive chemotherapy, soil-transmitted helminths, health disparities, cognitive development, schistosomiasis epidemiology
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anthelmintics, Child, Feces, Health Policy, Humans, Schistosomiasis
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