Longitudinal Assessment of Children with Enteroviral Meningitis During the First Three Months of Life
Abstract
Nine children who had enteroviral meningitis during the first three months of life and nine matched control children were evaluated for possible sequelae of their infection. The mean age of the children with meningitis was 46.67 months at the time of testing and that of the control subjects was 47.33 months. The mean IQ level of 89.67 in the children with meningitis was comparable to 92.78 obtained in the control children. Receptive vocabulary testing suggested that the receptive language functioning of the group with meningitis was significantly less than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in head circumference, no detectable sensorineural hearing loss, and no detected difference in intellectual functioning between the meningitis group and matched control subjects.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Two studies have shown subtle delays in receptive language in children with EV meningitis in the first three months of life with no evidence of other long-term sequelae.
“Two studies have shown subtle delays in receptive language in children with EV meningitis in the first three months of life [17,18] with no evidence of other long-term sequelae.”
From Paediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) study of aseptic meningitis (2006) · cites this paper as [18]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Enteroviral infections of the central nervous system.
Rotbart, H. A. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/20.4.971 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Kaplan, M. H., Klein, S., McPhee, J., & Harper, R. G. (1983) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/5.6.1019 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Enterovirus and parechovirus infection in children: a brief overview
de Crom, S. C. M., Rossen, J. W. A., van Furth, A. M., & Obihara, C. C. (2016) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-016-2725-7 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
“performed a case control study of 9 children with an EV meningitis during the first 3 months of life [84].”
BackgroundPresentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Enterovirus Infections in Neonates
Abzug, M. J. (2004) · Pediatric Drugs · doi:10.2165/00148581-200406010-00001 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Epidemiology of neonatal enterovirus infection
Jenista, J. A., Powell, K. R., & Menegus, M. A. (1984) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(84)80944-0 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Aseptic Meningitis in Infants <2 Years of Age: Diagnosis and Etiology
Berlin, L. E., Rorabaugh, M. L., Heidrich, F., Roberts, K. P., Doran, T. F., & Modlin, J. F. (1993) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/168.4.888 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Enterovirus infections in neonates
Tebruegge, M., & Curtis, N. C. (2009) · Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.siny.2009.02.002 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Byington, C. L., Taggart, E. W., Carroll, K. C., & Hillyard, D. R. (1999) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.103.3.e27 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Enterovirus/Picornavirus infections
Jubelt, B., & Lipton, H. L. (2014) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53488-0.00018-3 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Chadwick, D. (2005) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1093/bmb/ldh057 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Bacterial and Viral Pathogens Causing Fever in Infants Less Than 3 Months Old
Krober, M. S. (1985) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.1985.02140110043025 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Dagan, R., Jenista, J. A., & Menegus, M. A. (1988) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(88)80566-3 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Outcome in children with enteroviral meningitis during the first year of life
Bergman, I., Painter, M. J., Wald, E. R., Chiponis, D. M., Holland, A. L., & Taylor, H. G. (1987) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(87)80006-9 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Perinatal Echovirus and Croup B Coxsackievirus infections
Modlin, J. F. (1988) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(18)30709-7 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Clinical utility of the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of enteroviral meningitis in infancy
Ahmed, A. I., Brito, F. I., Goto, C. S., Hickey, S. M., Olsen, K. D., Trujilb, M., & McCracken, G. H. (1997) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(97)80064-9 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Rotbart, H. A. (2014) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555818326.ch13 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
ETIOLOGY OF HEARING LOSS IN CHILDREN
Roizen, N. (1999) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70080-8 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Chonmaitree, T., Baldwin, C. D., & Lucia, H. L. (1989) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.2.1.1 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Lee, B. E., Chawla, R., Langley, J. M., Forgie, S. E., Al-Hosni, M., Baerg, K., Husain, E., Strong, J., Robinson, J. L., Allen, U., et al. (2006) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/1471-2334-6-68 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Two studies have shown subtle delays in receptive language in children with EV meningitis in the first three months of life [17,18] with no evidence of other long-term sequelae.”
BackgroundPolyprotein processing in picornavirus replication
Kräusslich, H.-G., Nicklin, M. J. H., Lee, C.-K., et al. (1988) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/0300-9084(88)90166-6 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
The Changing Spectrum of Neonatal Meningitis Over a Fifteen-Year Period
Shattuck, K. E., & Chonmaitree, T. (1992) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/000992289203100301 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Importance of the Virology Laboratory in the Diagnosis and Management of Viral Meningitis
Wildin, S. R. (1987) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.1987.04460040112030 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Group B Coxsackie Disease in Children
Modlin, J. F., & Rotbart, H. A. (1997) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60687-8_4 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Parasuraman, T. V., Frenia, K., & Romero, J. (2001) · PharmacoEconomics · doi:10.2165/00019053-200119010-00001 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Rare reports of neurological sequelae have been reported in the literature, including paresis or paralysis, papilloedema and cranial nerve palsies, and decreased receptive language functioning.[29,30,33-35] However, recent reports on the long term sequelae of enteroviral nonherpes meningitis, including surveillance re…”
BackgroundEvolution of Neonatal Seizures
Bernes, S. M., & Kaplan, A. M. (1994) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38846-0 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Nonpolio enterovirus infection in the neonate and young infant
Hawkes, M., & Vaudry, W. (2005) · Paediatrics & Child Health · doi:10.1093/pch/10.7.383 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Ratzan, K. R. (1985) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0025-7125(16)31051-3 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Hudson, J. A., Broad, J., Martin, N. G., Sadarangani, M., Galal, U., Kelly, D. F., Pollard, A. J., & Kadambari, S. (2020) · Reviews in Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/rmv.2083 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“By contrast, Wilfert et al (1980) followed up nine neonates with EV meningitis within the first 3 months of life (diagnosed by EV isolation and clinical diagnosis of meningitis) and found that no difference in head circumference, IQ, or hearing compared with controls although a significant deficit in receptive languag…”
BackgroundNeurodevelopmental Outcome of Infants with Viral Meningitis in the First Three Months of Life
Baker, R. C., Kummer, A. W., Schultz, J. R., Ho, M., & Gonzalez del Rey, J. (1996) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/000992289603500602 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF AN ECHOVIRUS 11 OUTBREAK IN A NEONATAL UNIT
Isaacs, D., Wilkinson, A. R., Eglin, R., et al. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90078-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Persistent Coxsackie B encephalitis: Report of a case and review of the literature
Berger, J. R., Chumley, W., Pittman, T., Given, C., & Nuovo, G. (2006) · Journal of Neurovirology · doi:10.1080/13550280601090546 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses
Dunn, J. J. (2016) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.dmih2-0006-2015 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone in Enteroviral Meningitis
Chemtob, S. (1985) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.1985.02140050086030 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
OUTCOME AFTER CHILDHOOD ENCEPHALITIS
Rantala, H., Uhari, M., Uhari, M., et al. (1991) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14794.x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Molecular Epidemiology of Enterovirus in Children with Central Nervous System Infections
Posnakoglou, L., Tatsi, E., Chatzichristou, P., Siahanidou, T., Kanaka‐Gantenbein, C., Syriopoulou, V., & Michos, A. G. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13010100 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
VIRAL INFECTIONS OF THE FETUS AND NEONATE
Sánchez, P. J., & Demmler‐Harrison, G. J. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4044-6.50078-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
de Jong, E. P., Holscher, H. C., Steggerda, S. J., van Klink, J. M. M., van Elzakker, E. P. M., Lopriore, E., Walther, F. J., & Brus, F. (2017) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-017-2981-1 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“No differences in head circumference, sensorineural hearing loss or intellectual functioning between groups were found [9].”
BackgroundPerinatal Enterovirus Infections
Abzug, M. J. (2014) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555818326.ch10 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
de Ceano-Vivas, M., García, M. L., Velázquez, A., Martín del Valle, F., Menasalvas, A., Cilla, A., Epalza, C., Romero, M. P., Cabrerizo, M., & Calvo, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2021.719119 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“(34), a case control study were receptive language function was significantly altered in infants with EV meningitis compared to controls.”
Balasubramanian, H., Wagh, D., Rao, S. C., Keil, A. D., & McMichael, J. (2016) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1111/jpc.13083 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Enterovirus and Mumps Virus Infections of the Nervous System
Jubelt, B. (1984) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(18)31099-5 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Viral Infections of the Fetus and Newborn
Pan, E., Cole, F. S., & Weintrub, P. S. (2005) · Avery's Diseases of the Newborn · doi:10.1016/b978-072169347-7.50039-1 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Berardi, A., Sandoni, M., Toffoli, C., Boncompagni, A., Gennari, W., Bergamini, M. B., Lucaccioni, L., & Iughetti, L. (2019) · The Italian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s13052-019-0689-8 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“During the 80s, Wilfert [36] showed that receptive language function was significantly diminished in 9 children with EV infection compared to that in 9 controls.”
ResultEnterovirus infections of neonates and infants
Abzug, M. J., & Rotbart, H. A. (1999) · Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1045-1870(99)80018-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
ASEPTIC MENINGITIS AND VIRAL MENINGITIS
Cherry, J. D., & Bronstein, D. E. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4044-6.50046-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Central Nervous System Infections
Lipton, J. D., & Schafermeyer, R. W. (1995) · Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0733-8627(20)30358-8 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Enterovirus and Parechovirus Infections
Cherry, J. D., & Krogstad, P. A. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6400-8.00024-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Thivierge, B., & Delage, G. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 11 · see citing works
ENTEROVIRUSES AND PARECHOVIRUSES
Cherry, J. D., & Krogstad, P. A. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4044-6.50183-7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Johnson, G. M., McAbee, G., Seaton, E. D., & Lipson, S. M. (1992) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11385.x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Long‐term Effects of Meningitis
Davies, P. A. (1989) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1989.tb04011.x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Relevancia de los enterovirus en la meningitis neonatal
Calderón, E. M., Rabella, N., Turón‐Viñas, E., Ginovart, G., & Aloy, J. F. (2022) · Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica · doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2022.07.010 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Viral Infections of the Fetus and Newborn
Schleiss, M. R., & Marsh, K. J. (2018) · Avery's Diseases of the Newborn · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-40139-5.00037-1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Maxson, S., & Jacobs, R. F. (1993) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.1993.11701723 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Protean manifestations of perinatal enterovirus infections.
Spector, S. A., & Straube, R. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Coxsackievirus Infection in Children under Three Months of Age
Kaplan, M. H. (1988) · Infectious agents and pathogenesis · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0247-7_14 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Neonatal bacterial meningitis: hearing screening and audiological monitoring outcomes
Moore, M., Fitzgibbons, E. J., Driscoll, C., & Beswick, R. (2022) · International Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1080/14992027.2022.2145514 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“This paper will focus on perinatal bacterial meningitis (contracted prior to UNHS) and will exclusively discuss bacterial meningitis due to the lack of evidence associating viral meningitis with hearing loss (Roizen 2003; Wilfert et al. 1981).”
BackgroundEnteroviruses, Parechoviruses, and Saffold Viruses
Krogstad, P. A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-82763-8.00166-7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
TWO CONCURRENT EPIDEMICS OF ENTEROVIRAL MENINGITIS IN AN OBSTETRIC NEONATAL UNIT
Reiss‐Levy, E. A., BAKER, A., Don, N., et al. (1986) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb01188.x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
de Crom, S. C. M. (2019) · Minerva Pediatrics · doi:10.23736/s0026-4946.18.05449-x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Enterovirus and Parechovirus Infections
Cherry, J. D. (2006) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-72-160537-0/50026-8 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Relevance of enteroviruses in neonatal meningitis
Calderón, E. M., Rabella, N., Turón‐Viñas, E., Ginovart, G., & Aloy, J. F. (2023) · Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.eimce.2022.12.012 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Evoked potentials in neonates and infants with aseptic meningitis
Kitamoto, I., Nakayama, M., Miyazaki, C., et al. (1989) · Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/0887-8994(89)90046-5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Neonatal enterovirus infection
Jenista, J. A., & Menegus, M. A. (1988) · The Indian Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/bf02722180 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Viral Infections of the Fetus and Newborn
Stokes, C., & Melvin, A. J. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-82823-9.00034-9 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Romero, J. R. (2016) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555819439.ch46 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
A prospective study of enterovirus infection in Thai infants presenting as sepsis
Petwijit, T., Desudchit, T., Punnahitanonda, S., Wacharapluesadee, S., & Hemachudha, T. (2007) · Asian Biomedicine · doi:10.5372/2001 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“This information is important since language delays have been demonstrated in infants who had enterovirus meningitis before 3 months of age [19, 20].”
BackgroundNeurodevelopmental Outcomes Following Childhood Viral Meningitis in Canterbury New Zealand
Martin, N. G., Williman, J. A., Walls, T., Sadarangani, M., & Grant, C. C. (2024) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000004398 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Vertically Transmitted Severe Coxsackievirus B Infection in Four Preterm Twins Presented
Jung, J. S., Kwon, N. H., Jeon, G. W., et al. (2013) · PERINATOLOGY (구 대한주산의학회잡지) · doi:10.14734/kjp.2013.24.4.315 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
de Crom, S. C. M., van HINSBERGH, M. T., van Beijsterveldt, I. A. L. P., van Furth, A. M., Rossen, J. W. A., & Obihara, C. C. (2021) · Minerva Pediatrics · doi:10.23736/s2724-5276.19.05556-7 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Romero, J. R. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555815981.ch45 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Aseptic Meningitis and Viral Meningitis
Bronstein, D. E., & Glaser, C. A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-82763-8.00035-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Viruses versus other causes of acute central nervous system (CNS) disease
Ray, C. G. (1982) · Infectious Diseases Newsletter · doi:10.1016/s0278-2316(82)80065-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Marks, M. I. (1985) · Comprehensive manuals in pediatrics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5038-8_9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Schleiss, M. R., & Patterson, J. C. (2011) · Avery's Diseases of the Newborn · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0134-0.10037-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Meningitis por enterovirus en recién nacidos
Ramirez, A., del Prado, M. Y. R., Busto, A. P., et al. (2009) · Acta pediátrica española/Acta pediátrica española
Abnormal fetal behavior and cardiotocography associated with a congenital meningo‐encephalitis
Fox, R., Ekeroma, A. J., & Draycott, T. J. (1996) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016349609065748
Royle, J. (1996) · Seminars in Neonatology · doi:10.1016/s1084-2756(05)80005-3
Yui, I., Watanabe, J., & Takeuchi, Y. (1984) · Pediatrics International · doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.1984.tb01858.x
Index of Suspicion in the Nursery
(2011) · NeoReviews · doi:10.1542/neo.12-8-e463
Schleiss, M. R., & Patterson, J. C. (2012) · Avery's Diseases of the Newborn · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0134-0.10037-0
Neuropsychologische Katamnese von Kindern nach Meningitis
Rohr, H., Korinthenberg, R., & Kachel, W. (1990) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-93411-7_37
Vaccines Against Central Nervous System Infections: Past Achievements and Future Challenges
Sadarangani, M. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813806-9.00004-4
Acute Pediatric Central Nervous System Infections
Harmon, W. G., Maffei, F. A., & Rubenstein, J. S. (2006) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-032301808-1.50060-2
(1982) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1982.tb13609.x
Minor, P. D. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470688618.taw0246
Enterovirus and parechovirus infections
Krogstad, P. A., & Cherry, J. D. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-79525-8.00035-4
Learning and behavioral outcome of coccidioidal meningitis in children
Ruggill, J. S. (1989) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
- Authors
- Wilfert, C. M., Thompson, R. J., Sunder, T. R., O'Quinn, A., Zeller, J., & Blacharsh, J.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Thompson, Robert J.
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 1981-06-01
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 811-815
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W1573703407
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Keywords
- enteroviral meningitis, neonatal meningitis, infants, intellectual functioning, IQ, receptive language, receptive vocabulary, sensorineural hearing loss, head circumference, longitudinal follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Cephalometry, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Enterovirus Infections, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Intelligence Tests, Language Tests, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Meningitis, Viral, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
