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Cited by 57COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesLong-Term Effects of COVID-19SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

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Clinical characteristics and in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 adult patients in Saudi Arabia

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Abohamr, Samah I., Abazid, Rami M., Aldossari, Mubarak A., Amer, Hala A., Badhawi, Omar S., Aljunaidi, Obaid M., Alzarzour, Shaimaa H., Saadeddin, Hiba M., Bhat, Fayaz A., Elsheikh, Eman·2020·Saudi Medical Journal
DOI 10.15537/smj.2020.11.25495PMC PMC7804238
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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To provide a detailed study of demographic, baseline comorbidities, clinical features, and outcome for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. METHODS: A record-based case-series study conducted from March 23 to June 15, 2020 in King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Demographic data, clinical presentation, laboratory investigations, complications, and in-hospital outcome of COVID-19 patients collected with analysis of the clinical characteristics for survivors and deceased. RESULTS: A total of 768 patients were included. The mean age was 46.36±13.7 years and 76.7% were men. Approximately 96.3% reported more than one comorbidity; diabetes mellitus was the most frequent (46.4%). Fever (84.5%), cough (82.3%), and shortness of breath (79.8%) were the main presenting symptoms. During the follow-up, pneumonia reported in 68.6%, acute respiratory distress syndrome in 32.7%, septic shock in 20.7%, respiratory failure in 20.3%, and acute kidney injury in 19.3%. Approximately 45.8% of enrolled patients required intensive care unit admission. Lung disease (odd ratio [OR]=3.862 with 95% confident interval [CI] (2.455-6.074), obesity (OR=3.732, CI=2.511-5.546), smoking (OR=2.991, CI=2.072-4.317), chronic kidney disease (OR=2.296. CI=1.497-3.521), and diabetes mellitus (OR=2.291, CI=1.714-3.063) are predictors of ICU admission. Fatality ratio was 4.27%; therefore, men were more prevalent in dead group. CONCLUSION: Coronavirus disease 2019 places a huge burden on healthcare facilities, particularly in patients with comorbidity. Coronavirus disease 2019 patients who are obese and smokers with history of diabetes mellitus have a high risk of death.

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Metadata

Authors
Abohamr, S. I., Abazid, R. M., Aldossari, M. A., Amer, H. A., Badhawi, O. S., Aljunaidi, O. M., Alzarzour, S. H., Saadeddin, H. M., Bhat, F. A., & Elsheikh, E.
Affiliations
London Health Sciences Centre (CA)
Corresponding author
Elsheikh, Eman
ORCID
Venue
Saudi Medical Journal
Publisher
Armed Forces Medical Services
Published
2020-11
Volume
41
Issue
11
Pages
1217-1226
ISSN
  • 0379-5284 (ISSN-L)
  • 1658-3175
DOI
10.15537/smj.2020.11.25495
PMC
PMC7804238
OpenAlex
W3095280648
Cited by
57
References
3
Citations by year
2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17
FWCI
1.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-sa
Locations
  • Saudi Medical Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Keywords
COVID-19 pandemic, in-hospital mortality, clinical features, comorbidities, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, chronic kidney disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, septic shock, acute kidney injury, respiratory failure, intensive care unit admission, mortality risk factors, Saudi Arabia
MeSH terms
COVID-19, Adult, Age Factors, Cause of Death, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Viral, Saudi Arabia, Sex Factors, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Incidence, Databases, Factual, Hospital Mortality, Infection Control, Coronavirus Infections, Young Adult, Pandemics

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