Cited by 221Climate Change and Health ImpactsThermoregulation and physiological responsesEffects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Heat-Related Deaths — United States, 2004–2018

Open access

Vaidyanathan, Ambarish, Malilay, Josephine, Schramm, Paul, Saha, Shubhayu·2020·MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6924a1PMC PMC7302478

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Deaths attributable to natural heat exposure, although generally considered preventable (1), represent a continuing public health concern in the United States.During 2004-2018, an average of 702 heat-related deaths occurred in the United States annually.To study patterns in heat-related deaths by age group, sex, race/ethnicity, and level of urbanization, and to explore comorbid conditions associated with deaths resulting from heat exposure, CDC analyzed nationally comprehensive mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS).*The rate of heat-related mortality tended to be higher among males, persons aged ≥65 years, non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Natives, and persons living in noncore nonmetropolitan and large central metropolitan counties.Natural heat exposure was a contributing cause of deaths attributed to certain chronic medical conditions and other external causes.Preparedness and response initiatives directed toward extreme heat events, currently underway at local, state, and national levels, can contribute to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with natural heat exposure.Successful public health interventions † to mitigate heat-related deaths include conducting outreach to vulnerable communities to increase awareness of heat-related symptoms and provide guidance for staying cool and hydrated, particularly for susceptible groups at risk such as young athletes and persons who are older or socially isolated (2).Improved coordination across various health care sectors could inform local activities to protect health during periods of high heat.For instance, jurisdictions can monitor weather conditions and syndromic surveillance data to guide timing of risk communication and other measures (e.g., developing and implementing heat response plans, facilitating communication and education activities) to prevent heat-related mortality in the United States.CDC also recommends that federal, state, local, and tribal jurisdictions open cooling centers or provide

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.15585/mmwr.mm6924a1

Cites

11 of 11 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

High ambient temperature and mortality: a review of epidemiologic studies from 2001 to 2008
Basu, R. (2009) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/1476-069x-8-40 · Cited by 1,188
Heatstroke
Epstein, Y., & Yanovich, R. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1810762 · Cited by 641
Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Heat-Related Health Effects and Their Mechanisms: a Review
Gronlund, C. J. (2014) · Current Epidemiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40471-014-0014-4 · Cited by 475
Characterizing occupational heat-related mortality in the United States, 2000–2010: An analysis using the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries database
Gubernot, D. M., Anderson, G. B., & Hunting, K. L. (2015) · American Journal of Industrial Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajim.22381 · Cited by 259
Vulnerability to heatwaves and implications for public health interventions – A scoping review
Mayrhuber, E. A.-S., Dückers, M., Wallner, P., Arnberger, A., Allex, B., Wiesböck, L., Wanka, A., Kolland, F., Eder, R., Hutter, H., et al. (2018) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.021 · Cited by 161
The effect of heat waves on mortality in susceptible groups: a cohort study of a mediterranean and a northern European City
Åström, D. O., Schifano, P., Asta, F., Lallo, A., Michelozzi, P., Rocklöv, J., & Forsberg, B. (2015) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-015-0012-0 · Cited by 145
Ambient Temperature and Mortality From Unintentional Cocaine Overdose
Marzuk, P. M. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.279.22.1795 · Cited by 132
Heatwaves and their impact on people with alcohol, drug and mental health conditions: a discussion paper on clinical practice considerations: Heatwaves impact mental health conditions
Cusack, L., de Crespigny, C., & Athanasos, P. (2011) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05551.x · Cited by 91
Recent Trends in Heart Failure-related Mortality: United States, 2000-2014.
Ni, H., & Xu, J. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 81
Modeling of Gender Differences in Thermoregulation
Iyoho, A. E., Ng, L. J., & MacFadden, L. N. (2017) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-16-00213 · Cited by 60

Show all 12 references

Sorted by citations

Disproportionate exposure to urban heat island intensity across major US cities
Hsu, A., Sheriff, G., Chakraborty, T., & Manya, D. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-22799-5 · Cited by 846
Urban Air Pollution, Urban Heat Island and Human Health: A Review of the Literature
Piracha, A., & Chaudhary, M. T. A. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14159234 · Cited by 408
Association of Extreme Heat With All-Cause Mortality in the Contiguous US, 2008-2017
Khatana, S. A. M., Werner, R. M., & Groeneveld, P. W. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.12957 · Cited by 142
Projections of heatwave-attributable mortality under climate change and future population scenarios in China
Chen, H., Zhao, L., Cheng, L., Zhang, Y., Wang, H., Gu, K., Bao, J., Yang, J., Liu, Z., Huang, J., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100582 · Cited by 134
Association of Extreme Heat and Cardiovascular Mortality in the United States: A County-Level Longitudinal Analysis From 2008 to 2017
Khatana, S. A. M., Werner, R. M., & Groeneveld, P. W. (2022) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.122.060746 · Cited by 122
Environmental Health Threats to Latino Migrant Farmworkers
Castillo, F., Mora, A. M., Kayser, G. L., Vanos, J., Hyland, C., Yang, A. R., & Eskenazi, B. (2021) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105014 · Cited by 110
ACSM Expert Consensus Statement on Exertional Heat Illness: Recognition, Management, and Return to Activity
Roberts, W. O., Armstrong, L. E., Sawka, M. N., Yeargin, S. W., Heled, Y., & O’Connor, F. G. (2023) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000001058 · Cited by 109
Indoor overheating: A review of vulnerabilities, causes, and strategies to prevent adverse human health outcomes during extreme heat events
Kenny, G. P., Tetzlaff, E. J., Journeay, W. S., Henderson, S. B., & O’Connor, F. K. (2024) · Temperature · doi:10.1080/23328940.2024.2361223 · Cited by 118
Quantifying the dualistic nature of urban heat Island effect (UHI) on building energy consumption
Singh, M., & Sharston, R. (2021) · Energy and Buildings · doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111649 · Cited by 90
The urban heat island and thermal heat stress correlate with climate dynamics and energy budget variations in multiple urban environments
Harmay, N. S. M., & Choi, M. (2023) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2023.104422 · Cited by 100
Chapter 2 : Climate Trends. Fifth National Climate Assessment
Marvel, K., Su, W., Delgado, R., Aarons, S. M., Chatterjee, A., Garcia, M., Hausfather, Z., Hayhoe, K., Hence, D. A., Jewett, E. B., et al. (2023) · doi:10.7930/nca5.2023.ch2 · Cited by 99
Heat and the Heart
Desai, Y., Khraishah, H., & Alahmad, B. (2023) · The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine · doi:10.59249/hgal4894 · Cited by 97
Trends of Heat-Related Deaths in the US, 1999-2023
Howard, J. T., Androne, N., Alcover, K. C., & Santos‐Lozada, A. R. (2024) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2024.16386 · Cited by 75
Heat-Related Emergency Department Visits During the Northwestern Heat Wave — United States, June 2021
Schramm, P. J., Vaidyanathan, A., Radhakrishnan, L., Gates, A. L., Hartnett, K. P., & Breysse, P. N. (2021) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7029e1 · Cited by 73
Self-citation
Impact of occupational heat stress on worker productivity and economic cost
Morrissey, M. C., Brewer, G. J., Williams, W. J., Quinn, T. D., & Casa, D. J. (2021) · American Journal of Industrial Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajim.23297 · Cited by 69
Cause-related injustice, process-related injustice, effect-related injustice and regional heat action planning priorities: An empirical study in Yangtze River Delta and Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomerations
He, B. (2023) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104800 · Cited by 64
Climate change and the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Jacobsen, A. P., Khiew, Y. C., Duffy, E. Y., O'Connell, J., Brown, E., Auwaerter, P. G., Blumenthal, R. S., Schwartz, B. S., & McEvoy, J. W. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100391 · Cited by 63
Impact of meteorological parameters on COVID-19 pandemic: A comprehensive study from Saudi Arabia
Alkhowailed, M. S., Shariq, A., Alqossayir, F., Alzahrani, O. A., Rasheed, Z., & Abdulmonem, W. A. (2020) · Informatics in Medicine Unlocked · doi:10.1016/j.imu.2020.100418 · Cited by 54
A framework for ageing and health vulnerabilities in a changing climate
Tipaldo, J. F., Balk, D. L., & Hunter, L. M. (2024) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-024-02156-2 · Cited by 60
Wilderness Medical Society Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Heat Illness: 2024 Update
Eifling, K. P., Gaudio, F. G., Dumke, C. L., Lipman, G. S., Otten, E. M., Martin, A. D., & Grissom, C. K. (2024) · Wilderness and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1177/10806032241227924 · Cited by 53
Planning to Reduce the Health Impacts of Extreme Heat: A Content Analysis of Heat Action Plans in Local United States Jurisdictions
Randazza, J. M., Hess, J. J., Bostrom, A., Hartwell, C., Adams, Q. H., Nori‐Sarma, A., Spangler, K. R., Sun, Y., Weinberger, K. R., Wellenius, G. A., et al. (2023) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2022.307217 · Cited by 49
A Literature Review of the Impacts of Heat Stress on Human Health across Africa
Ncongwane, K. P., Botai, J. O., Sivakumar, V., & Botai, C. M. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13095312 · Cited by 53
Urban Heat Island vulnerability mapping using advanced GIS data and tools
Sidiqui, P., Roös, P. B., Herron, M., Jones, D. S. J., Duncan, E., Jalali, A., Allam, Z., Roberts, B. J., Schmidt, A., Tariq, M. A. U. R., et al. (2022) · Journal of Earth System Science · doi:10.1007/s12040-022-02005-w · Cited by 48
Measuring the impacts of a real-world neighborhood-scale cool pavement deployment on albedo and temperatures in Los Angeles
Ko, J., Schlaerth, H., Bruce, A., Sanders, K. T., & Ban‐Weiss, G. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac58a8 · Cited by 45
Variation in estimates of heat-related mortality reduction due to tree cover in U.S. cities
Sinha, P., Coville, R. C., Hirabayashi, S., Lim, B., Endreny, T. A., & Nowak, D. J. (2021) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113751 · Cited by 40
Heat vulnerability of Latino and Black residents in a low-income community and their recommended adaptation strategies: A qualitative study
Lanza, K., Jones, J. M., Acuña, F., Coudert, M., Bixler, R. P., Kamath, H., & Niyogi, D. (2023) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101656 · Cited by 44
Surface Heat Monitoring with High-Resolution UAV Thermal Imaging: Assessing Accuracy and Applications in Urban Environments
Henn, K. A., & Peduzzi, A. (2024) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs16050930 · Cited by 43
Household Energy Resilience in Extreme Weather Events: An Investigation of Energy Service Importance, Hvac Usage Behaviors, and Willingness to Pay
Kuang, B., Shi, Y., Hu, Y., Zeng, Z., & Chen, J. (2023) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123051 · Cited by 40
Thermal Personalities of Older People in South Australia: A Personas-Based Approach to Develop Thermal Comfort Guidelines
Bennetts, H., Martins, L. A., van Hoof, J., & Soebarto, V. I. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17228402 · Cited by 43
Modeling lives saved from extreme heat by urban tree cover✰
Sinha, P., Coville, R. C., Hirabayashi, S., Lim, B., Endreny, T. A., & Nowak, D. J. (2021) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109553 · Cited by 37
A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa
Sekmoudi, I., Bouakline, O., Khomsi, K., Laila, I., Merabet, Y. E., Souhaili, Z., & Jarmouni, M. E. (2022) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-022-00350-y · Cited by 43
Thermal comfort chamber study of Nordic elderly people with local cooling devices in warm conditions
Chen, M., Farahani, A. V., Kilpeläinen, S., Kosonen, R., Younes, J., Ghaddar, N., Ghali, K., & Melikov, A. K. (2023) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110213 · Cited by 38
Developing a geospatial framework for coupled large scale thermal comfort and air quality indices using high resolution gridded meteorological and station based observations
Fahad, M. G. R., Karimi, M. E., Nazari, R., & Sabrin, S. (2021) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2021.103204 · Cited by 35
Energy justice and equity: A Review of definitions, measures, and practice in policy, planning, and operations
Ren, W., Guan, Y., Qiu, F., Levin, T., & Heleno, M. (2025) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2025.115900 · Cited by 33
Extreme temperature and out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrest. Nationwide study in a hot climate country
Kranc, H., Novack, V., Shtein, A., Sherman, R., & Novack, L. (2021) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-021-00722-1 · Cited by 33
Flocking to fire: How climate and natural hazards shape human migration across the United States
Clark, M. B., Nkonya, E. M., & Galford, G. L. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Dynamics · doi:10.3389/fhumd.2022.886545 · Cited by 34
Climate Change and Infections on the Move in North America
Hauser, N., Conlon, K. C., Desai, A., & Kobziar, L. N. (2021) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s305077 · Cited by 34
Do Firms Mitigate Climate Impact on Employment? Evidence from US Heat Shocks
Acharya, V. V., Bhardwaj, A., & Tomunen, T. (2023) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w31967 · Cited by 33
Machine learning-based mortality prediction model for heat-related illness
Hirano, Y., Kondo, Y., Hifumi, T., Yokobori, S., Kanda, J., Shimazaki, J., Hayashida, K., Moriya, T., Yagi, M., Takauji, S., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88581-1 · Cited by 30
Management of Heat-Related Illness and Injury in the ICU: A Concise Definitive Review
Barletta, J. F., Palmieri, T. L., Toomey, S. A., Harrod, C. G., Murthy, S., & Bailey, H. (2024) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000006170 · Cited by 30
Cooling garments against environmental heat conditions in occupational fields: measurements of the effect of a ventilation jacket on the total thermal insulation
Ferraro, S. D., Falcone, T., Morabito, M., Messeri, A., Bonafede, M., Marinaccio, A., Gao, C., & Molinaro, V. (2021) · International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2021.103230 · Cited by 32
A Literature Review of Cooling Center, Misting Station, Cool Pavement, and Cool Roof Intervention Evaluations
Black‐Ingersoll, F., de Lange, J., Heidari, L., Negassa, A., Martinez, P. B., Fabian, M. P., & Scammell, M. K. (2022) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos13071103 · Cited by 30
Exploring Urban Forms Vulnerable to Urban Heat Islands: A Multiscale Analysis
Kang, S., Lee, D., Park, J., & Jung, J. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14063603 · Cited by 31
Urban heat islands from multiple perspectives: Trends across disciplines and interrelationships
Assenova, I. A., Vitanova, L. L., & Petrova‐Antonova, D. (2024) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102075 · Cited by 26
Investigating the Relationship between Human Activity and the Urban Heat Island Effect in Melbourne and Four Other International Cities Impacted by COVID-19
Wai, C. Y., Muttil, N., Tariq, M. A. U. R., Paresi, P. R., Nnachi, R. C., & Ng, A. W. M. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14010378 · Cited by 26
Assessing heat vulnerability in Philadelphia using geographically weighted principal component analysis (GWPCA): A geospatial big data-driven approach
Foroutan, E., Hu, T., Zhang, F., & Yu, H. (2024) · International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation · doi:10.1016/j.jag.2024.103653 · Cited by 26
Toward an integrated system of climate change and human health indicators: a conceptual framework
Liu, A. Y., Trtanj, J. M., Lipp, E. K., & Balbus, J. M. (2021) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-021-03125-w · Cited by 25
Impact of heat on all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A multi-city study in Texas
Guo, C., Lanza, K., Li, D., Zhou, Y., Aunan, K., Loo, B. P. Y., LEE, J. K. W., Luo, B., Duan, X., Zhang, W., et al. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.115453 · Cited by 24
Effects of Urban Landscape and Sociodemographic Characteristics on Heat-Related Health Using Emergency Medical Service Incidents
Lee, K., & Brown, R. D. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031287 · Cited by 23
A Review of the Increasing Global Impact of Climate Change on Human Health and Approaches to Medical Preparedness
Parums, D. V. (2024) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.945763 · Cited by 23
Impact of Heatwaves on Cancer Care Delivery: Potential Mechanisms, Health Equity Concerns, and Adaptation Strategies
Hassan, A. M., Nogueira, L., Lin, Y.-L., Rogers, J. E., Nori‐Sarma, A., & Offodile, A. C. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.22.01951 · Cited by 23
Quantifying Interactive Cooling Effects of Morphological Parameters and Vegetation-Related Landscape Features during an Extreme Heat Event
Kianmehr, A., & Lim, T. C. (2022) · Climate · doi:10.3390/cli10040060 · Cited by 21
Association of Temperature Thresholds with Heat Illness– and Cardiorespiratory-Related Emergency Visits during Summer Months in Alaska
Hahn, M. B., Kuiper, G., & Magzamen, S. L. (2023) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp11363 · Cited by 21
Extreme Heat Exposure: Access and Barriers to Cooling Centers — Maricopa and Yuma Counties, Arizona, 2010–2020
Mallen, E. S., Roach, M., Fox, L., Gillespie, E., Watkins, L., Hondula, D. M., Vaidyanathan, A., Manangan, A. P., Perkins, A. N., & Schramm, P. J. (2022) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7124a1 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Examining thermal inequities: Land surface temperature, social vulnerability, and historical redlining in San Antonio, TX
Hashemi, F., & Adib, M. (2024) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2024.101960 · Cited by 23
Mitigating urban heat stress through green infrastructure: A climate service approach
Oukawa, G. Y., Krecl, P., Targino, A. C., Faria, P., & Batista, L. (2025) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102384 · Cited by 20
A high spatiotemporal resolution framework for urban temperature prediction using IoT data
Yang, J., Yu, M., Liu, Q., Li, Y., Duffy, D. Q., & Yang, C. P. (2021) · Computers & Geosciences · doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2021.104991 · Cited by 19
Development of a screening tool for assessment of climate change–related heat illness in the clinical setting
Bernhardt, J. M., Breakey, S., Cox, R., Olayinka, O., Quinn, L. W., Simmonds, K. E., Atkin, K., Sipe, M. H., & Nicholas, P. K. (2023) · Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1097/jxx.0000000000000856 · Cited by 20
Extreme Humid-Heat Exposure and Mortality Among Patients Receiving Dialysis
Blum, M. F., Feng, Y., Tuholske, C. P., Kim, B., McAdams‐DeMarco, M., Astor, B. C., & Grams, M. E. (2024) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2024.04.010 · Cited by 18
A Heat Emergency: Urban Heat Exposure and Access to Refuge in Richmond, VA
Braun, P., Lookingbill, T. R., Zizzamia, B., Hoffman, J. S., Rosner, J., & Banta, D. (2024) · GeoHealth · doi:10.1029/2023gh000985 · Cited by 22
Intersectional climate perceptions: Understanding the impacts of race and gender on climate experiences, future concerns, and planning efforts
Zoll, D., Bixler, R. P., Lieberknecht, K., Belaire, J. A., Shariatmadari, A., & Jha, S. (2023) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101576 · Cited by 20
Normalized urban heat island (UHI) indicators: Classifying the temporal variation of UHI for building energy simulation (BES) applications
Singh, M., & Sharston, R. (2023) · Building Simulation · doi:10.1007/s12273-023-1048-7 · Cited by 18
Exploring the Spatial Patterning of Sociodemographic Disparities in Extreme Heat Exposure at Multiple Scales Across the Conterminous United States
Rastogi, D., Christian, J., Tuccillo, J., Christian, B., Kapadia, A., & Hanson, H. A. (2023) · GeoHealth · doi:10.1029/2023gh000864 · Cited by 18
The synergistic and mediating effects of ozone on associations between high temperature, heatwaves and mortality in the Greater London area between 2010 and 2018
Gao, J., Wood, D., Katsouyanni, K., Benmarhnia, T., & Evangelopoulos, D. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.121577 · Cited by 17
Heatstroke Risk Projection in Japan under Current and Near Future Climates
Nakamura, S., Kusaka, H., Ryogo, S., & Sato, T. (2022) · Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan Ser II · doi:10.2151/jmsj.2022-030 · Cited by 17
Rise in heat related mortality in the United States
Narayanan, A., & Keellings, D. J. (2025) · PLOS Climate · doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000610 · Cited by 17
Impact of heat on emergency hospital admission in Texas: geographic and racial/ethnic disparities
Guo, C., Ge, E., Lee, S., Lu, Y., Bassill, N. P., Zhang, N., Zhang, W., Lü, Y., Hu, Y., Chakraborty, J., et al. (2023) · Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1038/s41370-023-00590-6 · Cited by 16
Critical environmental core temperature limits and heart rate thresholds across the adult age span (PSU HEAT Project)
Cottle, R. M., Fisher, K. G., Leach, O. K., Wolf, S. T., & Kenney, W. L. (2024) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00117.2024 · Cited by 16
Spatiotemporal characterization of heatwave exposure across historically vulnerable communities
Bhattarai, S., Bista, S., Sharma, S., White, L. D., Amini, F., & Talchabhadel, R. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-71704-9 · Cited by 17
Heat Stroke Management Updates: A Description of the Development of a Novel In-Emergency Department Cold-Water Immersion Protocol and Guide for Implementation
Comp, G. B., Pugsley, P., Sklar, D. P., Akhter, M., McElhinny, M., Erickson, E., Feinstein, B. A., Enenbach, M., Williams, L., Pearlmutter, J., et al. (2024) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.07.013 · Cited by 16
Effect and Relationship of Seasons on the High Risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome After Oocyte Retrieval in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Cao, Y., Shi, H., Ma, Y., Ma, L., & Zhai, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.610828 · Cited by 16
Estimating the Burden of Heat‐Related Illness Morbidity Attributable to Anthropogenic Climate Change in North Carolina
Puvvula, J., Abadi, A. M., Conlon, K. C., Rennie, J., Herring, S. C., Thie, L., Rudolph, M. J., Owen, R., & Bell, J. E. (2022) · GeoHealth · doi:10.1029/2022gh000636 · Cited by 18
Extreme Heat Governance: A Critical Analysis of Heat Action Plans in California
Schmeltz, M. T., Smith, J. A., Olmos, I., & Quintero, E. (2022) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2022.307117 · Cited by 15
Compound drought and heatwave extreme weather events: Mortality risk in individuals with chronic respiratory disease
Rau, A., Baldomero, A. K., Bell, J. E., Rennie, J., Wendt, C. H., Tarr, G. A. M., Alexander, B. H., & Berman, J. D. (2025) · Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ee9.0000000000000389 · Cited by 15
Land use/cover spatiotemporal dynamics, and implications on environmental and bioclimatic factors in Chingola district, Zambia
Kourouma, J. M., Phiri, D., Hudak, A. T., & Syampungani, S. (2022) · Geomatics Natural Hazards and Risk · doi:10.1080/19475705.2022.2097132 · Cited by 14
Sentiment Analysis of Weather-Related Tweets from Cities within Hot Climates
Dzyuban, Y., Ching, G. N. Y., Yik, S. K., Tan, A. J., Crank, P. J., Banerjee, S., Pek, R. X. Y., & Chow, W. (2022) · Weather Climate and Society · doi:10.1175/wcas-d-21-0159.1 · Cited by 14
Sensing the impact of extreme heat on physical activity and sleep
Cheong, S., & Gaynanova, I. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076241241509 · Cited by 15
Thermal Comfort and Human Responses according to Tree Density in Forest Environments during and after Physical Activities in the Summer
Kim, J., Song, I., Kim, C., Gho, H., An, S., Song, D., Joung, D., Kang, S. K., Yi, Y., Park, B., et al. (2023) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f14010120 · Cited by 13
Urban morphology, urban heat island (UHI) and building energy consumption: A critical review of methods and relationships among influential parameters
Sharston, R., & Singh, M. (2025) · Building Services Engineering Research and Technology · doi:10.1177/01436244251339727 · Cited by 13
Heat planning in small and medium-sized cities: A collaborative application of PIRS™ for heat in Kent, WA, USA
Trego, S., Meerow, S., & Keith, L. (2023) · Socio-Ecological Practice Research · doi:10.1007/s42532-023-00166-6 · Cited by 12
Behavior-encoded models reveal differentiated access to public cooling environment by race and income
Li, C., Su, X., Fan, C. H., & Han, H. (2024) · npj Urban Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s42949-024-00157-w · Cited by 12
Lessons From Heat Stroke for Understanding Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Stanculescu, D., Sepúlveda, N., Lim, C. L., & Bergquist, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.789784 · Cited by 12
Temporal trends of the association between extreme temperatures and hospitalisations for schizophrenia in Hefei, China from 2005 to 2014
Pan, R., Wang, Q., Yi, W., Wei, Q., Cheng, J., & Su, H. (2021) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oemed-2020-107181 · Cited by 12
Application of the socioecological model to mitigate risks of heat illness
Bernhardt, J. M., & Amiri, A. (2024) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2024.102150 · Cited by 14
Sex differences in thermophysiological responses of elderly to low-intensity exercise during uncompensable heat strain
Daanen, H. A. M., Dijkstra, I., Abbink, E., de Jong, I. J., Wolf, S. T., Bongers, C. C. W. G., Hondema, L. S., Eijsvogels, T. M. H., & Kingma, B. (2024) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-024-05457-8 · Cited by 10
Medicaid Adapts to Extreme Heat: Evolving State-Based Coverage of Home Air Conditioning
Keroack, J. L., Kennedy‐Hendricks, A., & WINCH, P. J. (2024) · Environmental Health Insights · doi:10.1177/11786302241274959 · Cited by 12
Analyzing changes to U.S. municipal heat response plans during the COVID-19 pandemic
Jin, A. S., & Sanders, K. T. (2021) · Environmental Science & Policy · doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2021.11.022 · Cited by 10
Evaluating the Sensitivity of Heat Wave Definitions among North Carolina Physiographic Regions
Puvvula, J., Abadi, A. M., Conlon, K. C., Rennie, J., Jones, H. M., & Bell, J. E. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191610108 · Cited by 11
Differential Urban Heat Vulnerability: The Tale of Three Alabama Cities
Fall, S., Coulibaly, K. M., Quansah, J. E., & Afandi, G. E. (2023) · Urban Science · doi:10.3390/urbansci7040121 · Cited by 9
Wearable device-based interventions in heat-exposed outdoor workers — a scoping review and an explanatory intervention model
Friedrich, J., Schick, T. S., Mess, F., & Blaschke, S. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24262-2 · Cited by 14
Heat- and Cold-Related Mortality Burden in the US From 2000 to 2020
Chu, L., Dubrow, R., & Chen, K. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.42269 · Cited by 9
Trends in heat related illness: Nationwide observational cohort at the US department of veteran affairs
Osborne, T. F., Veigulis, Z. P., Vaidyanathan, A., Arreola, D. M., & Schramm, P. J. (2023) · The Journal of Climate Change and Health · doi:10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100256 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Climate mitigation and adaptation is cancer prevention and control
Rublee, C. S., Bikomeye, J. C., Rao, S., Husain, M., & Beyer, K. M. M. (2023) · The Journal of Climate Change and Health · doi:10.1016/j.joclim.2023.100209 · Cited by 9
Synergy of Urban Heat, Pollution, and Social Vulnerability in One of America's Most Rapidly Growing Cities: Houston, We Have a Problem
Blackford, A., Cowan, T., Nair, U. S., Phillips, C., Kaulfus, A. S., & Freitag, B. M. (2024) · GeoHealth · doi:10.1029/2024gh001079 · Cited by 8
Deep compost amendment reduces soil bulk density resulting in improved growth of urban Gymnocladus dioicus trees over time
Sweet, S. K., Bassuk, N., & Miller, B. M. (2025) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128822 · Cited by 8
Mortality due to heatstroke and exposure to cold: Evidence from India
Guin, P., Bhan, N., & Sethi, K. (2025) · Temperature · doi:10.1080/23328940.2025.2475420 · Cited by 8
Trends in Rates of Heat-Related Deaths Across Population Groups in the United States, 2000-2023
Hong, Y., Dalisay, F. S., & Xie, Z. (2025) · Public Health Reports · doi:10.1177/00333549251342904 · Cited by 9
Investigation of the Microenvironment, Land Cover Characteristics, and Social Vulnerability of Heat-Vulnerable Bus Stops in Knoxville, Tennessee
Lee, S., & First, J. M. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151410866 · Cited by 8
Advocating for planetary health is an essential part of advocating for children’s health
Haq, M., Sampath, V., Sheffield, P. E., Jackson, R. J., & Nadeau, K. C. (2024) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-024-03665-8 · Cited by 9
How do streetcar transit users and streetcar decision-makers perceive heat risk?
Sami, I., & Keith, L. (2023) · Journal of Public Transportation · doi:10.1016/j.jpubtr.2023.100045 · Cited by 9

Authors: Vaidyanathan, A., Malilay, J., Schramm, P., & Saha, S.
Affiliations: National Center for Environmental Health (US)
Corresponding author: Vaidyanathan, Ambarish
ORCID: Vaidyanathan, Ambarish
Schramm, Paul
Saha, Shubhayu
Venue: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Publisher: Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office
Published: 2020-06-19
Volume: 69
Issue: 24
Pages: 729-734
ISSN: 0149-2195 (ISSN-L)
1545-861X
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6924a1
PMC: PMC7302478
OpenAlex: W3036370409
Cited by: 221
References: 12
Citations by year: 2026: 38 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 3
FWCI: 9.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Locations: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
Keywords: heat-related mortality, extreme heat, age and sex differences, racial and ethnic disparities, urbanization, comorbidities, cooling centers, vulnerable populations, heat preparedness
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cause of Death, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Hot Temperature, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, United States, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Heat-Related Deaths — United States, 2004–2018

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks