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Symptoms of Anxiety or Depressive Disorder and Use of Mental Health Care Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, August 2020–February 2021
Open accessAbstract
The spread of disease and increase in deaths during large outbreaks of transmissible diseases is often associated with fear and grief (1). Social restrictions, limits on operating nonessential businesses, and other measures to reduce pandemic-related mortality and morbidity can lead to isolation and unemployment or underemployment, further increasing the risk for mental health problems (2). To rapidly monitor changes in mental health status and access to care during the COVID-19 pandemic, CDC partnered with the U.S. Census Bureau to conduct the Household Pulse Survey (HPS). This report describes trends in the percentage of adults with symptoms of an anxiety disorder or a depressive disorder and those who sought mental health services. During August 19, 2020-February 1, 2021, the percentage of adults with symptoms of an anxiety or a depressive disorder during the past 7 days increased significantly (from 36.4% to 41.5%), as did the percentage reporting that they needed but did not receive mental health counseling or therapy during the past 4 weeks (from 9.2% to 11.7%). Increases were largest among adults aged 18-29 years and among those with less than a high school education. HPS data can be used in near real time to evaluate the impact of strategies that address mental health status and care of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and to guide interventions for groups that are disproportionately affected.
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“The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated mental health challenges young adults face (Vahratian, 2021), leading to more daily stressors, disrupted life transitions, and increased isolation.”
From A text messaging intervention to support the mental health of young adults: User engagement and feedback from a field trial of an intervention prototype (2023) · cites this paper as Vahratian, 2021
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Metadata
- Authors
- Vahratian, A., Blumberg, S. J., Terlizzi, E. P., & Schiller, J. S.
- Affiliations
- National Center for Health Statistics (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vahratian, Anjel
- Venue
- MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
- Published
- 2021-04-02
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 490-494
- ISSN
- 0149-2195 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-861X
- PMC
- PMC8022876
- OpenAlex
- W3140184886
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 134 · 2022: 137 · 2021: 53
- FWCI
- 70.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, psychiatric symptoms, mental health service utilization, access to mental health care, Household Pulse Survey, social isolation, unemployment, young adults, low educational attainment, mental health disparities
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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