Genetic Stability Evaluation of Caladium Somaclonal Variants by Morphological, Cytological, and SSR Analysis in Three Successive Generations
Open accessAbstract
Somaclonal variants with valuable agronomic traits play a crucial role in crop breeding, provided that they are stably passed down in subsequent generations. Although numerous somaclonal variants have been identified and studied among in vitro regenerated plants in the foliage plant caladium (Caladium × hortulanum Birdsey), no research has been carried out to evaluate their genetic stability in subsequent generations. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic stability of three types of diploid caladium somaclonal variants, previously derived from in vitro callus cultures, over three successive tuber-propagated generations. The analysis of quantitative morphological characteristics revealed a greater degree of variation among the established plants in the first generation (G1) compared to the second (G2) and third generations (G3). Seven plants exhibiting distinct leaf coloration changes were identified in the G1 generation and were found to be stably passed down to the subsequent G2 and G3 generations. These findings indicate a wide range of morphological variation in the G1 generation, followed by relative stability in subsequent generations. A comprehensive cytological and molecular analysis revealed that five of the seven newly observed variants displayed notable differences in relative nuclear DNA content, chromosome number, or SSR (simple sequence repeat) banding patterns compared to their corresponding normal counterparts. The findings of this study will be instrumental in developing new cultivars with distinctive plant morphology through the exploitation of somaclonal variation in caladium.
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SSR markers are highly informative and can detect variations at specific loci, providing precise genetic analysis.
“SSR markers, also known as microsatellite markers, are highly informative and can detect variations at specific loci, providing precise genetic analysis [127].”
From Somaclonal Variation and Clonal Fidelity in Commercial Micropropagation: Challenges and Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [127]
In “Verification of genetic stability using SSR markers in the G3 generation” (page unavailable), five of eight SSR primer pairs detected polymorphisms in caladium plants, supporting the claim that SSR markers can detect genetic variation. The paper does not characterize them as highly informative or establish broadly precise genetic analysis; it cautions that the primer pairs could not provide comprehensive genome information. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Research works printed but not linked: 17
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Somaclonal Variation and Clonal Fidelity in Commercial Micropropagation: Challenges and Perspectives
Majumder, S., Igamberdiev, A. U., & Debnath, S. C. (2025) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy15061489 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Ensuring Clonal Fidelity and Quality Assurance in Woody Plant Micropropagation
Kaçar, Y. A., Şimşek, Ö., Dönmez, D., Isak, M. A., & Hazubska-Przybył, T. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-28071-8_15
- Authors
- HU, L., Wang, Y., YU, S., LI, S., & CAI, X.
- Affiliations
- Yangtze University (CN)
- Venue
- Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
- Published
- 2024-09-23
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 13746
- ISSN
- 0255-965X (ISSN-L)
- 1842-4309
- OpenAlex
- W4403066111
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1
- FWCI
- 0.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
- Keywords
- somaclonal variation, genetic stability, leaf color, tuber propagation, chromosome number, nuclear DNA content, microsatellite markers, callus culture, diploid plants, cultivar development
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