Temperament and character traits associated with the use of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and hallucinogens: evidence from a large Brazilian web survey.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate how personality traits are associated with occasional use, abuse, and dependence of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and hallucinogens in a large availability sample of adults via online questionnaires. METHODS: The sample consisted of 8,646 individuals (24.7% men and 75.3% women) who completed an anonymous web survey. Involvement with drugs and temperament/character traits were assessed through the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and the Temperament and Character Inventory - Revised (TCI-R), respectively. Interactions among variables were analyzed using MANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment. RESULTS: Novelty seeking was the trait most associated with increased involvement with alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine. There was a significant association between harm avoidance and benzodiazepine use. Persistence was lower in cannabis-, benzodiazepine-, and cocaine-dependent subjects, as well as in hallucinogen abusers. Self-directedness was reduced in dependents of all drug classes. No strong relationships were found between other temperament or character dimensions and the severity of drug use. CONCLUSIONS: Novelty seeking was associated with increased involvement with all drugs studied in this sample, although to a lesser extent with benzodiazepines and hallucinogens. The temperament and character profile for benzodiazepine use was different from that of other drugs due to the relationship with higher harm avoidance and self-transcendence and lower self-directedness.
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Lower self-directedness is a characteristic trait in individuals with substance-related and non-substance-related addictive disorders.
“Lower self-directedness has been found to be a characteristic trait both in individuals with substance related and non-substance related addictive disorders”
From “Food Addiction” in patients with eating disorders is associated with negative urgency and difficulties to focus on long-term goals (2016) · cites this paper as Schneider et al., 2015
Lower self-directedness seems to identify individuals more vulnerable to develop addictive behavior patterns.
“and seems to identify individuals more vulnerable to develop addictive behavior patterns (Alvarez-Moya et al., 2007; Schneider et al., 2015).”
From “Food Addiction” in patients with eating disorders is associated with negative urgency and difficulties to focus on long-term goals (2016) · cites this paper as Schneider et al., 2015
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References 39 · Cited by 41
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Matthews G, Deary IJ, Whiteman MC. Personality Traits. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2009. p. 1-40.
- Henrique IF, De Micheli D, Lacerda RB, Lacerda LA, Formigoni ML. Validac ¸a ˜o da versa ˜o brasileira do teste de triagem do envolvimento com a ´lcool, cigarro e outras substa ˆncias (ASSIST). Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2004;50:199-206.
- de Carvalho HW, Andreoli SB, Jorge MR. Sau ´de geral: evide ˆncias de diferenc ¸as relacionadas ao sexo. Aval Psicol. 2011;10:173-9.
- Authors
- Schneider Jr., R., Ottoni, G. L., Carvalho, H. W. D., Elisabetsky, E., & Lara, D. R.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Venue
- Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
- Publisher
- EDITORA SCIENTIFIC
- Published
- 2015-01-20
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-39
- ISSN
- 1516-4446 (ISSN-L)
- 1809-452X
- OpenAlex
- W2021000817
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 3.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (10/0055-0)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- personality traits, temperament, character traits, substance use, alcohol consumption, cannabis use, cocaine use, benzodiazepine use, hallucinogen use, drug addiction, novelty seeking, harm avoidance, persistence, self-direction, self-transcendence, Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised, Brazilian adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Analysis of Variance, Benzodiazepines, Brazil, Character, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hallucinogens, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders, Personality Inventory, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sex Factors, Temperament, Substance-Related Disorders, Drug Users, Young Adult
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