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Cited by 205Toxoplasma gondii Research StudiesParasitic infections in humans and animalsCoccidia and coccidiosis research

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Vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii: challenges and opportunities

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Jongert, Erik, Roberts, Craig W, Gargano, Nicola, Förster-Waldl, Elisabeth, Petersen, Eskild·2009·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
DOI 10.1590/s0074-02762009000200019
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Abstract

Development of vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans is of high priority, given the high burden of disease in some areas of the world like South America, and the lack of effective drugs with few adverse effects. Rodent models have been used in research on vaccines against T. gondii over the past decades. However, regardless of the vaccine construct, the vaccines have not been able to induce protective immunity when the organism is challenged with T. gondii, either directly or via a vector. Only a few live, attenuated T. gondii strains used for immunization have been able to confer protective immunity, which is measured by a lack of tissue cysts after challenge. Furthermore, challenge with low virulence strains, especially strains with genotype II, will probably be insufficient to provide protection against the more virulent T. gondii strains, such as those with genotypes I or II, or those genotypes from South America not belonging to genotype I, II or III. Future studies should use animal models besides rodents, and challenges should be performed with at least one genotype II T. gondii and one of the more virulent genotypes. Endpoints like maternal-foetal transmission and prevention of eye disease are important in addition to the traditional endpoint of survival or reduction in numbers of brain cysts after challenge.

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Authors
Jongert, E., Roberts, C. W., Gargano, N., Förster-Waldl, E., & Petersen, E.
Affiliations
  • Institut Scientifique de Santé Publique (BE)
  • University of Strathclyde (GB)
  • Sigma Tau (Italy) (IT)
  • Medical University of Vienna, Austria
  • Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
ORCID
Venue
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Publisher
FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Published
2009-03
Volume
104
Issue
2
Pages
252-266
ISSN
0074-0276 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1590/s0074-02762009000200019
OpenAlex
W2131861425
Cited by
205
References
0
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FWCI
9.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Americanae (AECID Library) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde) (submittedVersion)
  • TSpace (University of Toronto) (submittedVersion)
  • Bioline International (Bioline International) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Coccidia and coccidiosis research
Keywords
Toxoplasma gondii, toxoplasmosis vaccine, live attenuated vaccine strain, protective immunity, tissue cysts, challenge model, rodent models, ocular toxoplasmosis
MeSH terms
Animals, Genotype, Humans, Toxoplasma, Toxoplasmosis, Protozoan Vaccines, Models, Animal

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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