Cited by 85Poisoning and overdose treatmentsPlant Toxicity and Pharmacological PropertiesPlant-based Medicinal Research

Allium species poisoning in dogs and cats

Open access
Salgado, BS, Monteiro, LN, Rocha, NS·2011·Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

Abstract

Dogs and cats are the animals that owners most frequently seek assistance for potential poisonings, and these species are frequently involved with toxicoses due to ingestion of poisonous food. Feeding human foodstuff to pets may prove itself dangerous for their health, similarly to what is observed in Allium species toxicosis. Allium species toxicosis is reported worldwide in several animal species, and the toxic principles present in them causes the transformation of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, consequently resulting in hemolytic anemia with Heinz body formation. The aim of this review is to analyze the clinicopathologic aspects and therapeutic approach of this serious toxicosis of dogs and cats in order to give knowledge to veterinarians about Allium species toxicosis, and subsequently allow them to correctly diagnose this disease when facing it; and to educate pet owners to not feed their animals with Allium-containg food in order to better control this particular life-threatening toxicosis.

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Crossref · 10.1590/s1678-91992011000100002

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  • Oxidative hemolysis is the main toxicological mechanism of Allium-derived sulfur compounds and is distinguished by methemoglobinemia development and Heinz body formation in the red blood cells.

    “Oxidative hemolysis is the main toxicological mechanism of Allium-derived sulfur compounds and it is distinguished by methemoglobinemia development and Heinz body formation in the RBCs [128].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 8

  1. Kobayashi K. Onion poisoning in the cat. Feline Pract. 1981;11(1):22-7.
  2. Solter P, Scott R. Onion ingestion and subsequent Heinz body anemia in a dog: a case report. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1987;23(5):544-6.
  3. Fighera RA, Souza TM, Langohr I, Barros CSL. Intoxicação experimental por cebola, Allium cepa (Liliacea) em gatos. Pesq Vet Bras. 2002;22(2):79-84.
  4. Thorp F, Harshfield GS. Onion poisoning of horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1939; 94(1):52-3.
  5. Kay JM. Onion toxicity in a dog. Mod Vet Pract. 1983;64(6):477-8.
  6. Gault G, Berny P, Lorgue G. Toxic plants for companion animals (in French). Recueil de Medicine Veterinaire. 1995;171(1):171-6.
  7. Simmons DM. Onion breath. Vet Tech. 2001;22(8):424- 7.
  8. Cope RB. Allium species poisoning in dogs and cats. Vet Med. 2005;100(8):562-6.

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Authors
Salgado, B., Monteiro, L., & Rocha, N.
Affiliations
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) (BR)
Venue
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases
Published
2011
Volume
17
Issue
1
Pages
4-11
ISSN
  • 1678-9180 (ISSN-L)
  • 1678-9199
OpenAlex
W2048778225
Cited by
85
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
4.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Acervo Digital da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Universidade Estadual Paulista) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • UNESP Institutional Repository (São Paulo State University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Poisoning and overdose treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Plant-based Medicinal Research
Keywords
dogs, cats, methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, Heinz bodies, clinical signs, treatment, diagnosis, pet owner education

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