The DOI matches its Crossref record; 75 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Obesity and Cancer
Open accessAbstract
Weight, weight gain, and obesity account for approximately 20% of all cancer cases. Evidence on the relation of each to cancer is summarized, including esophageal, thyroid, colon, renal, liver, melanoma, multiple myeloma, rectum, gallbladder, leukemia, lymphoma, and prostate in men; and postmenopausal breast and endometrium in women. Different mechanisms drive etiologic pathways for these cancers. Weight loss, particularly among postmenopausal women, reduces risk for breast cancer. Among cancer patients, data are less robust, but we note a long history of poor outcomes after breast cancer among obese women. While evidence on obesity and outcomes for other cancers is mixed, growing evidence points to benefits of physical activity for breast and colon cancers. Dosing of chemotherapy and radiation therapy among obese patients is discussed and the impact on therapy-related toxicity is noted. Guidelines for counseling patients for weight loss and increased physical activity are presented and supported by strong evidence that increased physical activity leads to improved quality of life among cancer survivors. The “Five A's” model guides clinicians through a counseling session: assess, advise, agree, assist, arrange. The burden of obesity on society continues to increase and warrants closer attention by clinicians for both cancer prevention and improved outcomes after diagnosis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Weight loss is the cornerstone of therapy for people with obesity because it can ameliorate or completely resolve the metabolic risk factors for diabetes, coronary artery disease, and obesity-associated cancers.”
From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [6]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
(2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012512 · Cited by 19,011
(1998) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e565682010-001 · Cited by 9,453
Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. Adults
Calle, E. E., Rodriguez, C., Walker-Thurmond, K., & Thun, M. J. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa021423 · Cited by 7,696
Prevalence and Trends in Obesity Among US Adults, 1999-2008
Flegal, K. M. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.2014 · Cited by 7,580
Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999–2000
Flegal, K. M. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.14.1723 · Cited by 6,190
Fisher, B., Costantino, J. P., Wickerham, D. L., Redmond, C. K., Kavanah, M. T., Cronin, W. M., Vogel, V. G., Robidoux, A., Dimitrov, N. S., Atkins, J. N., et al. (1998) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/90.18.1371 · Cited by 5,450
Renehan, A. G., Tyson, M., Egger, M., Heller, R. F., & Zwahlen, M. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60269-x · Cited by 5,219
Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Mortality in Swedish Obese Subjects
Sjöström, L., Narbro, K., Sjöström, C. D., Karason, K., Larsson, B., Wedel, H., Lystig, T., Sullivan, M., Bouchard, C., Carlsson, B., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa066254 · Cited by 4,668
Bois, D. D. (1916) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1916.00080130010002 · Cited by 4,355
The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the United States Today
Doll, R., & Peto, R. (1981) · JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/66.6.1192 · Cited by 3,927
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2002, Weight Control and Physical Activity, 1
- Dubois, 1916, Title?, Arch of Int Med, 17, 863
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–777 of 777
Käkelä, P., Rantanen, T., Paajanen, H., & Virtanen, K. (2021) · Journal of Surgical Case Reports · doi:10.1093/jscr/rjab247
Microbial Diversity and Classification
Wilkinson, R. C. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818731-9.00055-0
Role of Gene Polymorphism in Obesity and Cancer
Waseem, M., Husain, H., & Ahmad, I. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-1846-8_7
Börgermann, C., Chun, F. K. ‐., Bastian, P. J., Fischer, K., Fornara, P., Fröhner, M., Graefen, M., Haese, A., Hammerer, P. G., Heine, K., et al. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35032-0_24 · Cited by 1
Börgermann, C., Chun, F. K. ‐., Bastian, P. J., Fischer, K., Fornara, P., Fröhner, M., Graefen, M., Haese, A., Hammerer, P. G., Heine, K., et al. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44637-9_24
Impact of obesity on the oncological and surgical outcomes of thigh soft tissue sarcoma
Hamdy, O., Atallah, K., Ros, M. H., & Metwally, I. H. (2022) · Siberian Journal of Oncology · doi:10.21294/1814-4861-2022-21-1-91-98
History of malignant neoplasia lessens oocyte developmental competence: a case-control study
Jinno, Y., Tobai, H., Imai, S., Omura, M., Takeuchi, M., Yoshida, M., Yano, N., Goto, M., & Arimoto, T. (2021) · JBRA · doi:10.5935/1518-0557.20210113
Bandara, S. J. H., & Kodippili, A. (2022) · Global Journal of Health Science · doi:10.5539/gjhs.v14n5p48
Banna, H. E., Elsayed, Z., Hamed, A. I., & Faheim, R. M. (2022) · Ain Shams Medical Journal · doi:10.21608/asmj.2022.233531
Knipe, H. C., Bell, D. A., & Walizai, T. (2014) · Radiopaedia.org · doi:10.53347/rid-32542
Nathan A. Berger: aging-cancer and obesity-cancer research require new mechanistic understandings
Li, B. (2019) · Translational Cancer Research · doi:10.21037/tcr.2019.02.10
Mirisola, M. G., Galvano, A., Gristina, V., Mantia, M. L., Cutaia, S., Calò, V., Barraco, N., Bono, M., Castiglia, M., Perez, A., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-337397/v1
To Determine the Prevalence of Obesity in Breast Cancer Patients
Ali, N., Zahid, A., & Zahid, N. A. (2021) · Liaquat National Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.37184/lnjcc.2789-0112.2.1
Questions and a guide to answers
Atya, H., & Al-Rawi, H. (2015) · The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.4103/1110-7782.174952
Cardiovascular disease in cancer survivors: Risk and management
Khan, S. N., & Neyaz, M. K. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90461-2.00003-1
Serum Lipids and Lipokines as Prognostic/Diagnostic Biomarkers in Common Cancers
Dogkas, N., Trapali, M., Fountzoula, C., Karikas, G. A., & Καρκαλούσος, Π. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes Mellitus · doi:10.4236/jdm.2022.122011
An Observational Study on Tolerability and Safety of Cisplatin Chemotherapy in Various Cancer
Andhi, N., Sravya, A., Praneetha, S., Raghavi, S. R. G., & Kusuma, K. (2022) · Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.5530/ijopp.15.3.41
Tan, Y., Zhang, X., Zhou, Y., Miao, L., Xu, B., Khan, H. Z., Wang, Y., Yu, H., & Cheang, W. S. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1435411/v1
Cancer, Obesity and Bariatric Surgery
Vyas, R., & Cheruvu, C. V. N. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54064-7_70-1
OVERSPISINGSLIDELSE BLANT INDIVIDER MED SYKELIG FEDME
Brandal, K. (2012) · Norsk tidsskrift for ernæring · doi:10.18261/ntfe.10.4.9
Behavioral Approaches to Cancer Prevention
González, R. O., & Karam‐Hage, M. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119000822.hfcm036.pub2
Lafiou, Y., Gérard, D. S., Nawal, T. T. L., Lawani, M., Gratien, H. V., & Mahugnon, A. N. O. (2022) · Universal Journal of Sport Sciences · doi:10.31586/ujss.2022.494
Dolgon-Krutolow, A., & Mason, T. B. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67929-3_59-1
Stein, R. A., & Deverakonda, A. N. (2022) · Interdisciplinary cancer research · doi:10.1007/16833_2022_86
Mouse Models of Obesity to Study the Tumor-Immune Microenvironment
Petrecca, S., & Quail, D. F. (2023) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2914-7_9
Causes and Precaution of Breast Cancer Among Women
Durrani, M. R. O. A. A., Khan, M. I., Shah, S. Y. A., Jamil, M., Khan, A., & Butt, M. Z. I. (2022) · Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.54393/pjhs.v3i07.363
Phenomenon of hormone-dependent polyneoplasia of the female reproductive system
Александровна, К. Л., Sosnova, E. A., Ishchenko, A. A., & Давыдов, М. М. (2023) · V F Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.17816/2313-8726-2023-10-1-25-37
The Association Between Obesity and Thyroid Cancers
Seyedi, S. A., Nabipoorashrafi, S. A., Sarzaeim, M., & Rezaei, N. (2023) · Interdisciplinary cancer research · doi:10.1007/16833_2023_155
Varsha, V., Karmali, S., & Irwin, J. D. (2023) · Western Undergraduate Research Journal Health and Natural Sciences · doi:10.5206/wurjhns.2022-23.4
The Management of Obesity in 2023: An Update
Glazer, S. A. (2023) · Canadian Primary Care Today · doi:10.58931/cpct.2023.118
Current innovative treatments of obesity
Wach, D., Głaz, A., Wiśniewska, J., & Radziejowska, Z. (2023) · Journal of Education Health and Sport · doi:10.12775/jehs.2023.21.01.020
Paul, L. T. D., Palaniyandi, K., & Gnanasampanthapandian, D. (2023) · Current Aging Science · doi:10.2174/0118746098241507231127114248
Obesity: Emerging risk factor for cancer beyond metabolic syndrome
Sharma, I., Sharma, A., Bhardwaj, P., & Sobti, R. C. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95116-6.00020-7
Gauging the Awareness of Physicians in Saudi Arabia Regarding Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer
Alqahtani, S. M., Rayzah, M., Shaik, R. A., Alzahrani, M. K., Alalawi, Y., Alnefaie, S. M., & Ahmad, M. S. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.53747
Safari‐Faramani, R., Samian, K., Najafi, F., Salimi, Y., & Darbandi, M. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4331291/v1
Serrano, R., Canata, C. M., Tornaco, R., & Villalba-Aquino, M. D. (2024) · Medicina Clínica y Social · doi:10.52379/mcs.v8i2.398
Awasthi, P., & Hasan, S. (2024) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9789815274431124010007
Byard, R. W. (2024) · Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-21441-7.00118-7
Bariatric Surgery and Female Cancers
Aminzade, Z., Mousavi, S., Karimi, H., Khojasteh‐Kaffash, S., Poudineh, M., Alijanzadeh, D., & Derakhshan, R. (2024) · Interdisciplinary cancer research · doi:10.1007/16833_2024_380
Mao, S., Wang, L., Fan, H., Yang, L. Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, W., Wang, M., Hao, L., & Liang, B. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5334126/v1
The Impact of a Western Diet and Resistance Training in a Rat Model of Mammary Cancer
Silva, J., Azevedo, T., Ferreira, R. M., Neuparth, M. J., Seixas, F., Ginja, M., Pires, M. J., Faustino‐Rocha, A. I., Duarte, J. A., & Oliveira, P. A. (2025) · Life · doi:10.3390/life15020250
Presurgical Gastrointestinal Evaluation in Bariatric Surgery
Chand, B., & Eguia, E. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-70004-0_6
Metabolic Surgery for Cancer Prevention: A Review of the Evidence
Rodan, W., & Stroud, A. (2025) · Current Surgery Reports · doi:10.1007/s40137-025-00448-w
Kim, K. Y., Han, K., & Lee, S. (2025) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-24-1898
The importance of CYP1B1 polymorphism in obesity
Çilekar, M., Solmaz, F. Ö. K., & İşitez, N. (2025) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000042378
Mestnik, S., Marley, A. R., Lu, Z., Turcotte, L. M., Marcotte, E. L., & Spector, L. G. (2025) · Leukemia & lymphoma/Leukemia and lymphoma · doi:10.1080/10428194.2025.2506502
Mawisire, F., Nleya, S. M., Sibanda, L., Mukwada, P., & Chingarande, G. R. (2025) · South African Radiographer · doi:10.54450/saradio.2025.63.1.945
Pain reduction by hypericum scabrum extract in rats with long-term high-fat diet-induced obesity
Rezvani-Kamran, A., Komaki, S., Omidi, G., Jouzdani, A. F., Hasanein, P., Etaee, F., & Komaki, A. (2025) · Discover Applied Sciences · doi:10.1007/s42452-025-07223-7
A Mathematical Model for the Effect of Obesity on Cancer Growth Under the Treatment of Chemotherapy
Fernando, W. W. R. S., Vithanage, G. V. R. K., Dissanayake, A. A. L., Herath, C., Silva, D., & Fonseka, H. F. D. S. A. (2025) · MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS · doi:10.37394/232023.2025.5.5
Exploring the therapeutic potential of anti-obesity peptides in cancer prevention
Bojórquez, N. D. C. Q., & Campos, M. R. S. (2025) · Pharmacological Research - Natural Products · doi:10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100294
Tomato-Soy Juice Reduces Inflammation and Modulates Urinary Metabolome in Adults with ObesityPreprint
Sholola, M. J., Miller, J., Bilbrey, E. A., Novotny, J. A., Francis, D. M., Mace, T. A., & Cooperstone, J. L. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.09.11.25334465
Zhang, Y., Ma, R., Ma, Y., & Zhou, R. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1680402
Werts, S. J., Smith, C., Baker, S., Patterson, C. G., Stout, N. L., Moss, J. L., Calo, W. A., Doerksen, S. E., & Schmitz, K. H. (2025) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers18010006
Psychosocial Predictors of Successful Bariatric Surgery
Grim, R. D. (2015) · ScholarWorks (Walden University)
A Process Improvement for the Treatment of Obesity in Primary Care
Fix, J. R. (2014) · ScholarWorks - GVSU (Grand Valley State University)
Farrell, E., Bustillo, M., le Roux, C. W., Nadglowski, J. F., Hollmann, E., & McGillicuddy, D. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14813725
Farrell, E., Bustillo, M., le Roux, C. W., Nadglowski, J. F., Hollmann, E., & McGillicuddy, D. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14813722
Williams, M. E., Howard, D. J., Donnelly, C., Izadi, F., Parra, J. G., Pugh, M., Edwards, K., Lutchman-Sigh, K., Jones, S., Margarit, L., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.27042452
Additional file 1 of The intangible costs of overweight and obesity in Germany
Meng, F., Nie, P., & Sousa‐Poza, A. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22612378
Williams, M. E., Howard, D. J., Donnelly, C., Izadi, F., Parra, J. G., Pugh, M., Edwards, K., Lutchman-Sigh, K., Jones, S., Margarit, L., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.27042449
Gallbladder Carcinoma Imaging and Update: Including Surgeon’s Perspective
Bansal, K. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-1699-5_11
Exploring the anticancer properties of berries and their mechanisms
Batool, A., Farooq, U., Firdous, N., Shafi, A., Saqib, H., Sayal, A., Akram, R., Raza, H., & Shaheer, A. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33935-6.00004-7
Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Two Sides of the Same Coin
Fusco, S. A. D., Canale, M. L., Oliva, S., Bisceglia, I., Gallucci, G., Spinelli, A., Alonzo, A., Concistrè, A., Fabiani, I., Donne, M. G. D., et al. (2026) · Cardiology · doi:10.1159/000550818
The movement imperative: reimagining healthcare through the lens of human movement
Mangalam, M., & Fabianiak, J. (2026) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2026.1667847
The Microbiome and Neurotransmitter Regulation: A Double-Edged Sword
Paul, D., & Agrawal, R. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-7494-0_7
Ahmed, A. M. S., Ramachandra, S. C., Bevinakoppamath, S., Venkatachalapathy, D., Chikkalingaiah, M. H., Krishnamurthy, K. P., Satish, S., & Prashant, A. (2025) · International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences · doi:10.4103/ijhas.ijhas_208_25
Chung, W., Kang, M., Sung, J. M., Kim, K. N., Choi, J. Y., Jung, Y. K., & Choi, D. (2026) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-026-16320-8
Pimentel, T., Florêncio, M. C., Ruelas, M. G., La, M., Dantas, A. C. B., Loftus, T. J., & Ferraz, Á. A. B. (2026) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-026-08924-7
Factors Contributing to Obesity Among Indigenous Peoples of Canada: A Narrative Review
Aminaei, D., Ahmed, M., Ozlati, A., Clemens, K. K., Jain, A., Reichert, S. M., Harris, S., Ernst, J., & MOIST, L. M. (2026) · Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease · doi:10.1177/20543581261472119
Yang, L., Mao, S., Wang, L., Fan, H., Zhang, W., Wang, M., Wang, Y., Hao, L., Yang, Z., & Liang, B. (2026) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.73099
“Метаболик синдромда ошқозон шиллиқ қавати морфологияси”
Murotov, F., & Makhkamov, N. (2025) · Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences · doi:10.70413/ejmns-v05-i02-s10827
Metadata
- Authors
- Wolin, K. Y., Carson, K., & Colditz, G. A.
- Affiliations
- Barnes-Jewish Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wolin, Kathleen Y.
- Venue
- The Oncologist
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-05-27
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 556-565
- ISSN
- 1083-7159 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-490X
- PMC
- PMC3227989
- OpenAlex
- W2155052327
- Cited by
- 778
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 4.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- The Oncologist (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Cancer Society Clinical Research Professorship
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity and Health Practices
- Keywords
- obesity, cancer risk, weight gain, weight loss, breast cancer, postmenopausal women, colon cancer, physical activity, chemotherapy dosing, radiotherapy toxicity, cancer survivorship, cancer prevention, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Male, Neoplasms, Obesity, Risk Factors, Weight Gain
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
