Radioprotectors and mitigators of radiation-induced normal tissue injury
Open accessAbstract
Radiation is used in the treatment of a broad range of malignancies. Exposure of normal tissue to radiation may result in both acute and chronic toxicities that can result in an inability to deliver the intended therapy, a range of symptoms, and a decrease in quality of life. Radioprotectors are compounds that are designed to reduce the damage in normal tissues caused by radiation. These compounds are often antioxidants and must be present before or at the time of radiation for effectiveness. Other agents, termed mitigators, may be used to minimize toxicity even after radiation has been delivered. Herein, we review agents in clinical use or in development as radioprotectors and mitigators of radiation-induced normal tissue injury. Few agents are approved for clinical use, but many new compounds show promising results in preclinical testing.
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Interventional strategies reducing the deleterious effect of radiation on normal epithelia and preserving the integrity of the oral mucosa will have a great impact on the quality of life of cancer patients.
“interventional strategies reducing the deleterious effect of radiation on normal epithelia and hence preserving the integrity of the oral mucosa will have a great impact in the quality of life of cancer patients (Citrin et al., 2010).”
From mTOR inhibition prevents epithelial stem cell senescence and protects from radiation-induced mucositis (2012) · cites this paper as Citrin et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Citrin, D., Cotrim, A. P., Hyodo, F., Baum, B. J., Krishna, M. C., & Mitchell, J. B.
- Affiliations
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Citrin, Deborah
- Venue
- The Oncologist
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-03-12
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 360-371
- ISSN
- 1083-7159 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-490X
- PMC
- PMC3076305
- OpenAlex
- W2109827369
- Cited by
- 482
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 4.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- The Oncologist (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Research Program of the Center for Cancer Research
- National Cancer Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- Division of Intramural Research
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Chemotherapy-induced organ toxicity mitigation
- Keywords
- radioprotective agents, radiation toxicity, antioxidants, radiotherapy complications, acute and chronic toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antioxidants, Cyclic N-Oxides, DNA Damage, Amifostine, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neoplasms, Radiation Injuries, Radiation Protection, Radiation-Protective Agents, Risk Factors, Spin Labels, Free Radical Scavengers, Fibroblast Growth Factor 7
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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