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Cited by 3,075

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

SPIKES—A Six-Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer

Open access
Baile, Walter F., Buckman, Robert, Lenzi, Renato, Glober, Gary, Beale, Estela A., Kudelka, Andrzej P.·2000·The Oncologist

Abstract

We describe a protocol for disclosing unfavorable information—“breaking bad news”—to cancer patients about their illness. Straightforward and practical, the protocol meets the requirements defined by published research on this topic. The protocol (SPIKES) consists of six steps. The goal is to enable the clinician to fulfill the four most important objectives of the interview disclosing bad news: gathering information from the patient, transmitting the medical information, providing support to the patient, and eliciting the patient's collaboration in developing a strategy or treatment plan for the future. Oncologists, oncology trainees, and medical students who have been taught the protocol have reported increased confidence in their ability to disclose unfavorable medical information to patients. Directions for continuing assessment of the protocol are suggested.

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Metadata

Authors
Baile, W. F., Buckman, R., Lenzi, R., Glober, G., Beale, E. A., & Kudelka, A. P.
Venue
The Oncologist
Published
2000-08-01
Volume
5
Issue
4
Pages
302-311
ISSN
  • 1083-7159 (ISSN-L)
  • 1549-490X
OpenAlex
W2109116356
Cited by
3,075
References
1
FWCI
27.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: SPIKES—A Six-Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1634/theoncologist.5-4-302
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Baile, W. F., Buckman, R., Lenzi, R., Glober, G., Beale, E. A., & Kudelka, A. P. (2000). SPIKES—A Six-Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer. The Oncologist. https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.5-4-302

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