Animal models for radiation injury, protection and therapy
Abstract
Current events throughout the world underscore the growing threat of different forms of terrorism, including radiological or nuclear attack. Pharmaceutical products and other approaches are needed to protect the civilian population from radiation and to treat those with radiation-induced injuries. In the event of an attack, radiation exposures will be heterogeneous in terms of both dose and quality, depending on the type of device used and each victim's location relative to the radiation source. Therefore, methods are needed to protect against and treat a wide range of early and slowly developing radiation-induced injuries. Equally important is the development of rapid and accurate biodosimetry methods for estimating radiation doses to individuals and guiding clinical treatment decisions. Acute effects of high-dose radiation include hematopoietic cell loss, immune suppression, mucosal damage (gastrointestinal and oral), and potential injury to other sites such as the lung, kidney and central nervous system (CNS). Long-term effects, as a result of both high- and low-dose radiation, include dysfunction or fibrosis in a wide range of organs and tissues and cancer. The availability of appropriate types of animal models, as well as adequate numbers of animals, is likely to be a major bottleneck in the development of new or improved radioprotectors, mitigators and therapeutic agents to prevent or treat radiation injuries and of biodosimetry methods to measure radiation doses to individuals.
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Animal models are applicable to two stages of radiation research: mechanisms/discovery and validation.
“The group concluded that animal models are applicable to the following two stages of radiation research: (1) mechanisms/discovery; and (2) validation.”
From Space Radiation: The number one risk to astronaut health beyond low earth orbit (2014) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Augustine, A. D., Gondré-Lewis, T., McBride, W., Miller, L., Pellmar, T. C., & Rockwell, S.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Augustine, Alison Deckhut
- Venue
- Radiation Research
- Publisher
- Radiation Research Society
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 164
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 100-109
- ISSN
- 0033-7587 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-5404
- OpenAlex
- W2139273336
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 2.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Radiation Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Keywords
- animal models, radiation injury, radiation protection, radioprotective agents, biological dosimetry, radiation dose assessment, nuclear attack, mucosal injury, radiation-induced cancer, organ fibrosis, radiotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Radiation Injuries, Radiation Protection, Radiation-Protective Agents, Research Design, Drug Design
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