The carbonation of hardened cement pastes
Abstract
The microstructure of hardened pastes of C 3 S and a C 3 S/silica fume blend have been examined by transmission electron microscopy before and after partial carbonation in pure CO 2 at a relative humidity of 72·6%. Fibrillar outer product C-S-H and the outer regions of inner product C-S-H gel carbonate without change of morphology to silica gel. Calcium carbonate is formed mainly in outer product regions as microcrystalline vaterite or calcite. Residual CH embedded in vaterite microcrystals is observed in the carbonated C 3 S pastes. It is proposed that outer product C-S-H and CH surfaces carbonate relatively rapidly, compared with inner regions of CH or the inner regions of inner product C-S-H, leading to a substantial level of carbonation of thin slices (0·4 mm) of paste within one day, with little further carbonation in the next few days. The implications for the theory of the kinetics of cement paste carbonation are discussed.
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The remaining portlandite under the natural condition is attributed to the formation of a slightly diffusive calcium carbonate layer around portlandite grains that hindered their dissolution, indicating that the carbonation process never reached the ultimate state in the natural condition (0.03% CO2).
“The remaining portlandite, under the natural condition, can be attributed to the formation of a slightly diffusive calcium carbonate layer around the grains of portlandite that hindered their dissolution, indicating that the carbonation process never reached the ultimate state in the natural condition (0.03% CO 2 ).”
From XRD and 29Si MAS NMR study on carbonated cement paste under accelerated carbonation using different concentration of CO2 (2019) · cites this paper as [51]
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- Authors
- Groves, G. W., Rodway, D. I., & Richardson, I. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- ORCID
- Richardson, I. G.
- Venue
- Advances in Cement Research
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 1990-07
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 117-125
- ISSN
- 0951-7197 (ISSN-L)
- 1751-7605
- OpenAlex
- W2053244049
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advances in Cement Research (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Concrete and Cement Materials Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Concrete Corrosion and Durability
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Earth-Surface Processes › Building materials and conservation
- Keywords
- tricalcium silicate, silica fume, calcium silicate hydrate, calcium hydroxide, vaterite, calcite, calcium carbonate formation, carbonation kinetics, microstructure
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