Economy of the Arctic “Islands”: The Case of Nenets and Chukotka Autonomous Okrugs
Open accessAbstract
The article discusses the economy of Arctic «islands». These territories of the Russian Arctic are unavailable by transport all the year round and have considerable specificity in comparison with the other regions of the Russian and North European Arctic. The authors consider the economy of Arctic «islands» on the example of the Nenets and Chukotka Autonomous Areas. Despite the significant similarity in the economic and social parameters, after careful study, two regions show considerable internal differences. In order to identify dissimilarity, in the comparative analysis, we use the theoretical idea of the Arctic economy as a unity of three sectors - the traditional one, corporate (market) one and transfer (state) one. Each sector has the key contradictions, structures and its trajectory of evolution. The comparison of traditional sectors reveals significant landscape diversity of Chukotka in comparison with the Nenets tundra. The corporate sector of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug economy is significantly younger than in Chukotka, due to the fact that oil and gas development is relatively new practice for the region. On the other hand, because of the mining development of Chukotka gold, which started in 1960-s, it can be considered as an old industrial region. The level of the profitability of gold production is significantly lower than of the Nenets oil production. Therefore, we propose to include the economy of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug to the rental model, and Chukotka economy to the transfer model. The difference of transfer sectors of two areas is the result of not only the difference in the power of the regional budgets, but also of the urban settlement structure which is centralized in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and polycentric in Chukotka. It means that the public health and culture in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug are dated generally for the capital of Naryan-Mar, and social facilities in Chukotka are significantly decentralized and concentrated in Okrug's and regional centres.
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Collectivization and industrialization efforts significantly reduced local control over traditional hunting and whaling beginning in the 1930s.
“Collectivization and industrialization efforts significantly reduced local control over traditional hunting and whaling beginning in the 1930s (Pelyasov et al., 2017).”
From Institutional navigation of oceans governance: Lessons from Russia and the United States Indigenous multi-level whaling governance in the Arctic (2022) · cites this paper as Pelyasov et al., 2017
The traditional-sector section (p. 5) dates collectivization to the 1930s–1950s and describes strong state control of Chukotka’s traditional economy. It also says collectivization temporarily disrupted the link between reindeer herding and marine harvesting. It does not specifically establish reduced local control over hunting and whaling, or attribute such a reduction to industrialization. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- [3]3. Huskey, L. (2006). Limits to growth: remote regions, remote institutions. The Annals of Regional Science, Western Regional Science Association, 40(1), 147-155.
- [5]5. Phelps, N., Atienza, M. & Arias, M. (2015, April). Encore for the Enclave: The Changing Nature of the Industry Enclave with Illustrations from the Mining Industry in Chile. Economic Geography, 91(2), 119-146.
- [6]6. Tolkachev, V . (Ed.). (2000). Nenetskii kray: skvoz vyugi let. Ocherki. Statyi. Dokumenty. In Russian [Nenets region: blizzards through the years. Essays. Articles. Documents]. Arkhangelsk: Pomor State University named after M. V . Lomonosov Publ., 615.
- [7]7. Humphreys, M., Sachs, J. & Stiglitz, J. (Eds.). (2007). Escaping the Resource Curse. Revenue Watch Institute. New York, Columbia University Press, 408.
- [8]8. Rose, D. (2008). Saving for the Future. My life and the Alaska Permanent Fund. Toronto: Epicenter Press, 256.
- [13]13. Dikova, N. N. & Malchikova, T. V . (Eds.). (1989). Istoriya Chukotki s drevneischikh vremyon do nashikh dney. In Russian [History of Chukotka from the most ancient times to the present day]. Moscow: Mysl Publ., 494.
- [15]15. Galtseva, N. & Pelyasov, A. (2014). Northern Old Industrial Regions: Breaking the Path in Resource Development. Global Review. Shanghai Institutes for International Studies Publ., 125-144.
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York, A. M., Zdor, E., BurnSilver, S., Degai, T., Monakhova, M., Isakova, S., Petrov, A. N., & Kempf, M. (2022) · Earth System Governance · doi:10.1016/j.esg.2022.100154 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pelyasov, A. N., Galtseva, N. V., & Atamanova, E. A.
- ORCID
- Galtseva, N.V.
- Venue
- Economy of Region
- Published
- 2017-03
- Pages
- 114-125
- ISSN
- 2072-6414 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2597516673
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 4.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Economy of Regions (publishedVersion)
- Electronic Archive of Ural Federal University (ELAR UrFU) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Electronic scientific archive of UrFU (Ural Federal University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Social Sciences › Development › Economic and Technological Developments in Russia
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Natural Resources and Economic Development
- Keywords
- Arctic economy, Arctic islands, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Chukotka, traditional economy, corporate economy, oil and gas development, gold mining, regional budget, polycentric settlement
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