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Palaeontology and biostratigraphy of the Early Cambrian Meishucunian Stage in Yunnan Province, South China
Abstract
The skeletal fossils of the Early Cambrian Meishucunian Stage from two key localities (Meishucun, Jinning County, and Xianfeng, Xundian County) in eastern Yunnan Province, China, are described and illustrated in detail to provide a basis for improved palaeobiological and biostratigraphical work. About 1250 new SEM illustrations (including a large number of stereo-pairs) of well-preserved material are presented. The taxonomy is extensively revised. When biological and preservational variability are taken into account, the number of genera and species may be reduced through synonymy to about one third of that reported in the literature. Thirty-eight genera (2 of which are new) and 57 species (5 of which are new) are described. The biology and affinities of many of these taxa are also diseussed, but excursions into suprageneric taxonomy are generally restrained. The Meishucunian biotas of Yunnan consist of three successive assemblages with very few taxa in common. The first, the Anabarites-Protohertzina-Arthrochites Assemblage, is dominated by Anabarites and other sedentary tube-dwelling organisms, but non-sedentary benthic mollusc-like fossils (Canopoconus) and probable predators (Protohertzina) also occur. The key elements of this fauna have a wide geographical distribution and may be compared with the earliest skeietal faunas on the Siberian Platform, the Canadian Cordillera, and other regions. The second, the Siphogonuchites-Paragloborilus Assemblage, is characterized by a great diversity of vagile mollusc-like and multisclerite-bearing animals, but also sedentary tube-dwellers and some possible predators (Cyrtochitesand Yunnanodus) occur. This fauna is largely endemic. The third, the Lapworthella-Tannuolina-Sinosachites Assemblage, is mainly characterized by widely distributed taxa of multisclerite-bearing animals (chancelloriids, Halkieria, Tannuolina, and Lapworthella). It has elements in common with late Atdabanian faunas in other regions of the world.
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In the citing paper
“Calcium phosphatic protoconulariids first appear in the upper Anabarites trisulcatus -Protohertzina anabarica Assemblage Zone of the lower Meishucunian Stage of China”
From Chronology of early Cambrian biomineralization (2012) · cites this paper as Qian, 1989
In the citing paper
“They are represented by Arthrochites emeishanensis Chen, 1982, Hexangulaconularia formosa He in Xing et al . 1984 and probably related forms, such as Carinachites spp. and Emeiconularia trigemme Qian et al . 1997”
From Chronology of early Cambrian biomineralization (2012) · cites this paper as Qian, 1989
Citations
Cites
Microfossils and Precambrian–Cambrian boundary stratigraphy at Maldeota, Lesser Himalaya
Brasier, M. D., & Singh, P. (1987) · Geological Magazine · doi:10.1017/s0016756800016666 · Cited by 105
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The geometry of conchiferan shell evolution: origins of coiling and bivalved morphologies
Roopnarine, P. D., & Goodwin, D. H. (2024) · Journal of Molluscan Studies · doi:10.1093/mollus/eyae031 · Cited by 4
Kızılkaya, B., Yıldız, H., & Vural, P. (2024) · Marine Science and Technology Bulletin · doi:10.33714/masteb.1493896 · Cited by 3
“Beyond safeguarding soft tissues, mollusk shells serve as sustenance and provide defense mechanisms against predators (Yi & Bengtson, 1989; Qian, 1999; Li et al., 2017).”
BackgroundZhang, H., Wang, Q., Zhang, C.-W., Luo, D.-D., Luo, X., Wang, Y.-F., Wang, D.-Z., & Yang, X. (2024) · Geobios · doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2023.12.001 · Cited by 3
Small Shelly Fossils in the Cambrian Basement of the West Siberian Geosyneclise
Novozhilova, N. V., & Korovnikov, I. (2019) · Stratigraphy and geological correlation · doi:10.1134/s0869593819010040 · Cited by 3
Song, B., Liu, F., Wang, J., Luo, M., Liang, Y., Hu, Y., Zhao, J., Holmer, L., Strotz, L., & Zhang, Z.-F. (2026) · Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments · doi:10.1007/s12549-025-00677-y · Cited by 2
“Kelanella was established on the Siberian Platform by Rozanov and Missarzhevsky (1966) and was later described in southern China (Qian and Bengtson 1989; Yang et al. 2015); Mongolia (Esakova and Zhegallo 1996); France (Devaere et al. 2014); the Central Tuva (Novozhilova et al. 2019); South…”
Bennett, C. C., Mate, C., & Jacquet, S. M. (2025) · Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.112922 · Cited by 2
Song, Z.-C., Guo, J., Pan, B., Qiang, Y.-Q., Li, G., Peng, J.-X., Sun, J., & Han, J. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11111648 · Cited by 2
“One representative case is the ‘Ocruranus–Eohalobia’ group, a term initially proposed by Qian and Bengtson [12] to highlight a close relationship between these two genera (two types of sclerites).”
BackgroundInfluentialMiddle Cambrian chancelloriids from the Argentine Precordillera
Beresi, M., & Bordonaro, O. (2021) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2021.05.002 · Cited by 2
Kono, S., Isozaki, Y., Sato, T., Yasuhara, M., Liu, W., & Zhang, X.-L. (2021) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2021.02.001 · Cited by 2
Small shelly fossils from the Lower Cambrian Lastours Formation, southern Montagne Noire, France
Álvaro, J. J., Elicki, O., Debrenne, F., & Vizcaı̈no, D. (2002) · Geobios · doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(02)00036-0 · Cited by 9
Álvaro, J. J., Lorenzo, S., Devaere, L., & Warren, L. V. (2023) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2023.12.001 · Cited by 3
Lindsay-kaufman, A., Rosbach, S. A., Wright, L. S., EDWARDS, E. L. V., Vaziri, S. H., Majidifard, M. R., Selly, T., Laflamme, M., & Schiffbauer, J. D. (2022) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2021.031 · Cited by 2
“…numerous localities in China, many from the Yangtze Platform, Kuanchuanpu Fm. in Shaanxi Province, and Tarim area (Conway Morris and Chen 1989; Qian and Bengtson 1989; Peng and Babcock 2001; Qian et al. 2001; Steiner et al. 2004; Li et al. 2007); localities in Australia including the…”
Kono, S., Isozaki, Y., Sato, T., Zhang, X., & Wei, L. I. U. (2021) · Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) · doi:10.5026/jgeography.130.43 · Cited by 2
Liu, X.-L., Chen, C.-Y., Yang, X., Yang, S., Zhang, J., & Gao, Y. (2009) · doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.1992.mp5004008.x · Cited by 1
Li, G.-X., Zhu, M.-Y., & Chen, Z. (2011) · doi:10.1007/springerreference_187199 · Cited by 1
Palaeobiogeography and biostratigraphy of the Cambrian chancelloriids
Yun, H., & Zhang, X. (2026) · Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.114080
Yang, L., Yang, B., Yang, Y.-N., & Steiner, M. (2024) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2024.09.001
Liu, M.-J., Liu, Y.-H., Zhang, Y., Shao, T., & Qin, J. (2024) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2024.02.003
Qin, J.-C., Liu, Y.-H., Shao, T.-Q., Zhou, X., Liu, M.-J., Zhang, Y.-N., & Wang, Q. (2023) · Geobios · doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2023.10.002
Wang, X. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/aa98dd00z2a0fz4067z9880z79c4f1f1b0b1
“Although the early Cambrian small shelly fossil community – exemplified by the Kuanchuanpu Formation organisms – contains mat feeders (molluscs) (Qian & Bengtson, 1989) and microscopic predators (cycloneurians) (Liu et al. 2014b; Zhang et al. 2015), this ecosystem was characterized by a high…”
InfluentialEmergence of Eukaryotes to the Cambrian Explosion
Armstrong, H., & Brasier, M. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118685440.ch7
Collins, A. G. (2000) · doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2000)026
Laflamme (2004) · doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078
Metadata
- Authors
- Yi, Q., & Bengtson, S.
- Affiliations
- Nanjing Institute of Geology & Palaeontology, Academia Sinica, Chi-Ming-Ssu, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;
- Uppsala University (SE)
- ORCID
- Bengtson, Stefan
- Venue
- Fossils and Strata
- Publisher
- Universitetsforlaget
- Published
- 1989-06-30
- ISSN
- 0300-9491 (ISSN-L)
- 2637-6032
- OpenAlex
- W2409548894
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 11 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 12.40
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Fossils and strata (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Keywords
- Lower Cambrian, biostratigraphy, paleontology, taxonomy, new genus and species, chancelloriids, Atdabanian, Yunnan
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