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Pre-Columbian Earthworks in the Riberalta Region of the Bolivian Amazon

Saunaluoma, Sanna·2010·Amazônica - Revista de Antropologia
DOI 10.18542/amazonica.v2i1.347
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Abstract

Interpretations of the Amazonia prehistory have changed significantly in the last few decades, as the complexity and diversity of the Amazonian cultures are beginning to be documented and understood. Earthworking, a long-term conscious anthropogenic landscape alteration, was a widespread phenomenon throughout the South American tropical lowlands. A variety of earthworks has been documented in the Southwest Amazon, including ditches and embankments of different shapes and sizes, roads, extensive raised fields, canals, causeways, and artificial wetlands linked to adjacent mounds and forest island settlement sites. A field survey and test excavations were undertaken in the region of Riberalta, in the Bolivian Amazon. The purpose of these investigations was to study the distribution and characteristics of the pre-Columbian occupation in the region. We found different types of sites, some without visible earthworks, indicating fairly dense occupation on river bluffs and terra firme, but lacking long permanence in the same location. The earthwork tradition prevailed in the Riberalta region from at least 100 B.C. until the period of European contact. The function of the less-complex earthworks may have been to enclose the occupation areas, and in some cases, to serve as canals. Compared to the variable layout of the sites, the ceramic assemblages of the region are relatively homogeneous. A central objective for future research will be to determine if the earthwork sites correlate with a single or multiple cultural traditions.Key-words: Southwest Amazonian archaeology, earthworks, ceramic traditions.

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  • Legacies of prehistoric influence in Amazonia are visible from aerial surveys and satellite imagery along the southern periphery of the basin, particularly in the Llanos de Moxos of Bolivia, the geoglyph-rich region of Acre, Brazil and northern Bolivia, and the Upper Xingu in Brazil.

    “Legacies of prehistoric influence in Amazonia are visible from aerial surveys and satellite imagery along the southern periphery of the basin, particularly in the Llanos de Moxos of Bolivia (e.g. [1,12-14]), the geoglyph-rich region of Acre, Brazil and northern Bolivia [3,15-18], and the Upper Xingu in Brazil [2,19] (figure 1).”

    From Predicting pre-columbian anthropogenic soils in amazonia (2014) · cites this paper as [16]

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Authors
Saunaluoma, S.
Venue
Amazônica - Revista de Antropologia
Publisher
Universidade Federal do Para
Published
2010-07-24
Volume
2
Issue
1
ISSN
1984-6215
DOI
10.18542/amazonica.v2i1.347
Cited by
21
References
0

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