SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND TURNOVER IN A PINE FOREST AFTER SIX YEARS OF ATMOSPHERIC CO 2 ENRICHMENT

Lichter, John; Barron, Stacy H.; Bevacqua, Christine E.; Finzi, Adrien C.; Irving, Katherine F.; Stemmler, Elizabeth A.; Schlesinger, William H.

doi:10.1890/04-1205

Cited by 134Soil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsPlant responses to elevated CO2CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions

SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND TURNOVER IN A PINE FOREST AFTER SIX YEARS OF ATMOSPHERIC CO 2 ENRICHMENT

Lichter, John, Barron, Stacy H., Bevacqua, Christine E., Finzi, Adrien C., Irving, Katherine F., Stemmler, Elizabeth A., Schlesinger, William H.·2005·Ecology

DOI 10.1890/04-1205

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Abstract

During the first six years of atmospheric CO2 enrichment at the Duke Forest free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment, an additional sink of 52 ± 16 g C·m−2·yr−1 accumulated in the forest floor (O-horizon) of the elevated CO2 treatment relative to the ambient CO2 control in an aggrading loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) forest near Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. The experiment maintained an atmospheric CO2 concentration 200 μL/L above ambient levels in replicated (n = 3) FACE rings throughout the six-year period. This CO2-induced C sink was associated with greater inputs of organic matter in litterfall and fine-root turnover. There was no evidence that microbial decomposition was altered by the elevated CO2 treatment. Consistent with ecosystem recovery following decades of intensive agriculture, the C and N content of the mineral soil increased under both the elevated CO2 treatment and the ambient CO2 control during the six-year period. This increase is attributed to accumulation of plant residues derived from fine roots with relatively high turnover rates rather than accumulation of refractory or physically protected soil organic matter (SOM). The elevated CO2 treatment produced no detectable effect on the C and N content of the bulk mineral soils or of any particulate organic matter size fraction. Because the fumigation gas was strongly depleted in 13C, the incorporation of new C could be traced within the ecosystem. Significant decreases in δ13C of soil organic carbon (SOC) under the elevated CO2 treatment were used to estimate the mean residence times of intra-aggregate particulate organic matter and mineral-associated organic matter as well as the annual C inputs required to produce the observed changes in δ13C. Our results indicate that forest soils such as these will not significantly mitigate anthropogenic C inputs to the atmosphere. The organic matter pools receiving large annual C inputs have short mean residence times, while those with slow turnover rates receive small annual inputs.

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Low-storage changes for short-rotation woody crops were supported by findings for short-rotation forestry using labelled carbon, which also showed that new carbon accumulated in soil organic carbon pools was characterised by high turnover rates.
“These low-storage changes were supported by findings for SRF using labelled C [142], which also showed that new C accumulated in SOC pools was characterised by high turnover rates.”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [142]
For forest systems, new carbon inputs from plant residues can enter relatively fast decomposable soil organic carbon pools, particularly if the soil had a low clay content.
“For forest systems [142], it has been shown that new C inputs from plant residues can enter relatively fast decomposable SOC pools, particularly if the soil had a low clay content [148].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [142]
The stability of SOC pools defines the sustainability of soil C sequestration and eventually the effective C neutrality of the system.
“It is the stability of these pools which defines the sustainability of soil C sequestration and eventually the effective C neutrality of the system [125, 142].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [142]

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Diverse Mycorrhizal Associations Enhance Terrestrial C Storage in a Global Model
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Altered microbial community structure and organic matter composition under elevated CO2and N fertilization in the duke forest
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Ecohydrologic impact of reduced stomatal conductance in forests exposed to elevated CO2
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Microbial Community Responses to Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment in a Warm-Temperate Forest
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Increasing shallow groundwater CO2 and limestone weathering, Konza Prairie, USA
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Increased litter input increases litter decomposition and soil respiration but has minor effects on soil organic carbon in subtropical forests
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Forest soils in France are sequestering substantial amounts of carbon
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Enhanced litter input rather than changes in litter chemistry drive soil carbon and nitrogen cycles under elevated CO2: a microcosm study
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Climate change reconsidered
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Concurrent and lagged impacts of an anomalously warm year on autotrophic and heterotrophic components of soil respiration: a deconvolution analysis
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Increased Litter Build Up and Soil Organic Matter Stabilization in a Poplar Plantation After 6 Years of Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment (FACE): Final Results of POP-EuroFACE Compared to Other Forest FACE Experiments
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Free Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment (FACE) Increased Labile and Total Carbon in the Mineral Soil of a Short Rotation Poplar Plantation
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Heat Stress and Roots
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Aligning theoretical and empirical representations of soil carbon-to-nitrogen stoichiometry with process-based terrestrial biogeochemistry models
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Turnover rates of hydrolysable aliphatic lipids in Duke Forest soils determined by compound specific 13C isotopic analysis
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Does deep soil N availability sustain long‐term ecosystem responses to elevated CO2?
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Carbon Dioxide Effects on Heterotrophic Dinitrogen Fixation in a Temperate Pine Forest
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Photosynthesis in a CO2-Rich Atmosphere
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Free atmospheric CO2 enrichment (FACE) increased respiration and humification in the mineral soil of a poplar plantation
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The Duke Forest FACE Experiment: CO2 Enrichment of a Loblolly Pine Forest
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Decomposition kinetics of soil carbon of different age from a forest exposed to 8 years of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration
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Characterizing Organic Carbon Stocks and Flows in Forest Soils
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Fine root turnover of Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica) grown under elevated CO2 in northern Japan
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Soil carbon sequestration in a pine forest after 9 years of atmospheric CO2 enrichment
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Increased Litter Build Up and Soil Organic Matter Stabilization in a Poplar Plantation After 6 Years of Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment (FACE): Final Results of POP-EuroFACE Compared to Other Forest FACE Experiments
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Facing the future
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Long-term Effects of Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) on Soil Respiration
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EFFECTS OF FREE-AIR CO2ENRICHMENT (FACE) ON BELOWGROUND PROCESSES IN APINUS TAEDAFOREST
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Authors: Lichter, J., Barron, S. H., Bevacqua, C. E., Finzi, A. C., Irving, K. F., Stemmler, E. A., & Schlesinger, W. H.
Affiliations: Bowdoin College (US)
Boston University (US)
Duke University (US)
Corresponding author: Lichter, John
ORCID: Finzi, Adrien C.
Schlesinger, William H.
Venue: Ecology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2005-07
Volume: 86
Issue: 7
Pages: 1835-1847
ISSN: 0012-9658 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1890/04-1205
OpenAlex: W2022074668
Cited by: 134
References: 58
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 27.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 3714 d)
Locations: Ecology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant responses to elevated CO2
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
Keywords: soil carbon sequestration, soil organic carbon turnover, elevated CO2, free-air CO2 enrichment, loblolly pine forest, forest floor, fine root turnover, litterfall, microbial decomposition, soil carbon residence time, particulate organic matter, mineral-associated organic matter, soil nitrogen, carbon sink

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SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND TURNOVER IN A PINE FOREST AFTER SIX YEARS OF ATMOSPHERIC CO 2 ENRICHMENT

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