The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bio-energy in the black
Open accessAbstract
At best, common renewable energy strategies can only offset fossil fuel emissions of CO2 – they cannot reverse climate change. One promising approach to lowering CO2 in the atmosphere while producing energy is biochar bio-energy, based on low-temperature pyrolysis. This technology relies on capturing the off-gases from thermal decomposition of wood or grasses to produce heat, electricity, or biofuels. Biochar is a major by-product of this pyrolysis, and has remarkable environmental properties. In soil, biochar was shown to persist longer and to retain cations better than other forms of soil organic matter. The precise half-life of biochar is still disputed, however, and this will have important implications for the value of the technology, particularly in carbon trading. Furthermore, the cation retention of fresh biochar is relatively low compared to aged biochar in soil, and it is not clear under what conditions, and over what period of time, biochar develops its adsorbing properties. Research is still needed to maximize the favorable attributes of biochar and to fully evaluate environmental risks, but this technology has the potential to provide an important carbon sink and to reduce environmental pollution by fertilizers.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Biochar is a carbonaceous porous material obtained by pyrolysis of biomasses, and may offer the chance to adsorb and retain plant nutrients and improve soil fertility4.”
From Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar (2015) · cites this paper as [4]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Bio-char Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems – A Review
Lehmann, J., Gaunt, J., & Rondon, M. (2006) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5 · Cited by 3,053
Self-citationGlaser, B., Lehmann, J., & Zech, W. (2002) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/s00374-002-0466-4 · Cited by 2,890 · cited 2×
“…applied to a certain location, additions do not need to be repeated annually, as exemplified by the persistently high fertility of Amazonian Dark Earths over several hundred to thousands of years, as well as by remnants of historic charcoal production (Glaser et al. 2002; Lehmann and Rondon 2006).”
BackgroundOverview of Applications of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Oil
Czernik, S., & Bridgwater, A. (2004) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef034067u · Cited by 2,880
Black Carbon Increases Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils
Liang, B., Lehmann, J., Solomon, D., Kinyangi, J., Grossman, J., O'Neill, B., Skjemstad, J. O., Thies, J., Luizão, F. J., Petersen, J., et al. (2006) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2005.0383 · Cited by 2,191
Self-citationRenewable Fuels and Chemicals by Thermal Processing of Biomass
Bridgwater, A. V. (2003) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/s1385-8947(02)00142-0 · Cited by 1,920
Lehmann, J., Pereira da Silva, J., Steiner, C., Nehls, T., Zech, W., & Glaser, B. (2003) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1023/a:1022833116184 · Cited by 1,878
Self-citationA realizable renewable energy future
Turner, J. A. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.285.5428.687 · Cited by 1,642
Rondon, M. A., Lehmann, J., Ramírez, J., & Hurtado, M. (2007) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z · Cited by 1,333
Self-citationBlack carbon in soils and sediments: Analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges
Schmidt, M. W., & Noack, A. G. (2000) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/1999gb001208 · Cited by 1,333
Oxidation of black carbon by biotic and abiotic processes
Cheng, C.-H., Lehmann, J., Thies, J. E., Burton, S. D., & Engelhard, M. H. (2006) · Organic Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.06.022 · Cited by 1,129
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Biochar effects on soil biota – A review
Lehmann, J., Rillig, M. C., Thies, J., Masiello, C. A., Hockaday, W. C., & Crowley, D. (2011) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022 · Cited by 5,074
Self-citationDynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)
Keiluweit, M., Nico, P. S., Johnson, M. G., & Kleber, M. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9031419 · Cited by 3,230
The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures
Yuan, J.-H., Xu, R.-K., & Zhang, H. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.018 · Cited by 2,029
Van Zwieten, L., Kimber, S., Morris, S., Chan, K. Y., Downie, A., Rust, J., Joseph, S., & Cowie, A. (2010) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-009-0050-x · Cited by 1,916
Libra, J. A., Ro, K. S., Kammann, C., Funke, A., Berge, N. D., Neubauer, Y., Titirici, M.-M., Fühner, C., Bens, O., Kern, J., et al. (2011) · Biofuels · doi:10.4155/bfs.10.81 · Cited by 1,756
Metadata
- Authors
- Lehmann, J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lehmann, Johannes
- ORCID
- Lehmann, Johannes
- Venue
- Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 381-387
- ISSN
- 1540-9295 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2080539324
- Cited by
- 1,714
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 52 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 98 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 145 · 2019: 125 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 122 · 2016: 94 · 2015: 114 · 2014: 127 · 2013: 105 · 2012: 97
- FWCI
- 56.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
- Keywords
- biochar, bioenergy, low-temperature pyrolysis, carbon sequestration, carbon sink, cation retention, soil organic matter, emissions trading, CO2 emissions, environmental risk, fertilizer pollution
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
