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Ecologically relevant dispersal of corals on isolated reefs: implications for managing resilience
Abstract
Coral reefs are in decline worldwide, and marine reserve networks have been advocated as a powerful management tool for maximizing the resilience of coral communities to an increasing variety, number, and severity of disturbances. However, the effective design of reserves must account for the spatial scales of larval dispersal that affect the demography of communities over ecological time frames. Ecologically relevant distances of dispersal were inferred from DNA microsatellite data in a broadcast‐spawning (Acropora tenuis) and a brooding (Seriatopora hystrix) coral at isolated reef systems off northwest Australia. Congruent with expectations based on life histories, levels of genetic subdivision among populations were markedly higher in the brooder than in the broadcast spawner. Additionally, significant subdivision for both species between systems (>100 km), and between (>10 km) or within reefs (<10 km) within systems, indicated that many reefs or reef patches are demographically independent. There was also a clear distinction in the scale of genetic structure between the different systems; at the more geographically complex of the systems, a much finer scale structure was detected in both species. This suggested that the hydrodynamics associated with these complex reefs restrict distances regularly traveled by larvae. The primary implication is that short‐term recovery of these coral communities after severe disturbance requires the input of larvae from viable communities kilometers to a few tens of kilometers away. Therefore, to be self‐sustaining, we suggest that coral reef protected areas need to be large enough to encompass these routine dispersal distances. Further, to facilitate recovery from severe disturbances, protected areas need to be replicated over these spatial scales. However, specific designs also need to account for size, complexity, and isolation of reefs, which will either restrict or enhance dispersal within this range.
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“The strong genetic population structure in this study is congruent with findings for the same species from other biogeographic regions such as Australia (van Oppen et al. 2008;Underwood et al. 2009) and Japan (Nakajima et al. 2017), as well as for other brooding corals with a similarly short PLD.”
From Population genetics of the brooding coral Seriatopora hystrix reveals patterns of strong genetic differentiation in the Western Indian Ocean (2021) · cites this paper as Underwood et al. 2009
In the citing paper
“Comparable levels of differentiation were found for S. hystrix on the Great Barrier Reef and in northern Western Australia (mean F ST = 0.20 ∼500 km, van Oppen et al. 2008), including isolation-by-distance (overall F ST = 0.198 ∼505 km, Underwood et al. 2009).”
From Population genetics of the brooding coral Seriatopora hystrix reveals patterns of strong genetic differentiation in the Western Indian Ocean (2021) · cites this paper as Underwood et al. 2009
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Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Underwood, J. N., Smith, L. D., Oppen, M. J. H. V., & Gilmour, J. P.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Underwood, Jim N.
- Venue
- Ecological Applications
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18-29
- ISSN
- 1051-0761 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-5582
- OpenAlex
- W2112535325
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 11.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ecological Applications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Keywords
- coral larval dispersal, coral reef resilience, marine protected area design, genetic subdivision, Acropora tenuis, Seriatopora hystrix, broadcast spawning, brooding corals, population structure, reef hydrodynamics, disturbance recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Demography, Genotype, Reproduction, Genetic Variation, Ecosystem, Anthozoa
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